University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA.
AIDS. 2010 Apr 24;24(7):1035-42. doi: 10.1097/qad.0b013e3283377973.
The prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) is higher among HIV-positive women, but the prevalence of HPV prior to HIV acquisition has not been carefully evaluated.
This study evaluated whether HPV infection is independently associated with heterosexual HIV acquisition in a cohort of Zimbabwean women.
Case-control study nested within a large multicenter cohort study (HC-HIV).
Cases consisted of Zimbabwean women with incident HIV infection observed during follow-up (n = 145). HIV-uninfected controls were selected and matched to cases (n = 446). The prevalence of cervical HPV infections was compared at the visit prior to HIV infection in the cases and at the same follow-up visit in the matched controls.
The odds of acquiring HIV were 2.4 times higher in women with prior cervical HPV infection after adjustment for behavioral and biologic risk factors. There was no statistically significant difference in the risk of HIV acquisition between women infected with high-risk vs. low-risk HPV types. Loss of detection of at least one HPV DNA type was significantly associated with HIV acquisition [odd ratio = 5.4 (95% confidence interval 2.9-9.9)] (P < .0001).
Cervical HPV infection is associated with HIV acquisition among women residing in a region with a high prevalence of both infections. Further studies are required to evaluate whether the observed association is causal.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）在 HIV 阳性女性中的流行率较高，但在 HIV 感染前 HPV 的流行率尚未得到仔细评估。
本研究评估了在津巴布韦女性队列中，HPV 感染是否与异性恋 HIV 获得独立相关。
嵌套在大型多中心队列研究（HC-HIV）中的病例对照研究。
病例组由随访期间观察到的新感染 HIV 的津巴布韦女性组成（n=145）。选择 HIV 未感染对照并与病例匹配（n=446）。在病例组 HIV 感染前的就诊时和匹配对照组的相同随访就诊时比较宫颈 HPV 感染的流行率。
在调整行为和生物学危险因素后，先前宫颈 HPV 感染的女性获得 HIV 的几率是未感染女性的 2.4 倍。感染高危型与低危型 HPV 类型的女性获得 HIV 的风险无统计学差异。至少一种 HPV DNA 类型的检测丢失与 HIV 获得显著相关[比值比=5.4（95%置信区间 2.9-9.9）]（P<0.0001）。
在 HPV 和 HIV 感染流行率均较高的地区，宫颈 HPV 感染与女性 HIV 获得有关。需要进一步研究来评估观察到的关联是否具有因果关系。
