Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA.
Transfusion. 2010 Aug;50(8):1778-86. doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02618.x. Epub 2010 Apr 23.
Blood donors may hold conflicting thoughts about future donation. While they may perceive the direct benefit to themselves and others, they often report compelling reasons not to give again. As a result the standard encouragements to return may not be sufficient to motivate some donors. This study examined the effects of a postdonation adapted motivational interview (AMI) on blood donor attitudes and repeat donation behavior.
Donors (n = 215) were randomly assigned to either an AMI or a no-interview control group. Approximately 1 month after their index donation, donors in the AMI group completed a brief telephone interview to clarify individual-specific motivations and values concerning blood donation and address potential barriers. They were then asked to complete questionnaires regarding donation attitudes, anxiety, self-efficacy, and intention to donate. Donors in the control group were also contacted 1 month after donation and asked to complete the same series of questionnaires.
Donors in the AMI group reported greater intention to provide a future donation (F = 8.13, p < 0.05), more positive donation attitudes (F = 4.59, p < 0.05), and greater confidence in their ability to avoid adverse reactions (F = 10.26, p < 0.01). Further, AMI was associated with higher rates of attempted donation at 12 months (odds ratio, 2.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.27-4.87).
Application of an AMI may be an effective strategy to increase the donor pool by enhancing retention of existing donors.
献血者可能对未来的献血持有矛盾的想法。虽然他们可能认为这对自己和他人有直接的好处，但他们往往会报告一些令人信服的理由，说明为什么不再献血。因此，标准的鼓励再次献血的方法可能不足以激励一些献血者。本研究旨在探讨献血后适应性动机访谈（AMI）对献血者态度和重复献血行为的影响。
将（n = 215）名献血者随机分配到 AMI 组或无访谈对照组。在他们的献血后约 1 个月，AMI 组的献血者完成了简短的电话访谈，以澄清个人特定的献血动机和价值观，并解决潜在的障碍。然后，他们被要求完成有关献血态度、焦虑、自我效能和献血意愿的问卷。对照组的献血者也在献血后 1 个月被联系，并要求完成相同的一系列问卷。
AMI 组的献血者报告了更高的未来献血意愿（F = 8.13，p < 0.05）、更积极的献血态度（F = 4.59，p < 0.05）和更大的避免不良反应的信心（F = 10.26，p < 0.01）。此外，AMI 与 12 个月时尝试献血的比例较高相关（优势比，2.48；95%置信区间，1.27-4.87）。
应用 AMI 可能是一种通过增强现有献血者的保留率来增加献血者群体的有效策略。
