Stanford University School of Medicine, Clark Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
J Biomed Opt. 2010 Mar-Apr;15(2):026029. doi: 10.1117/1.3386055.
A fluorescence confocal microscope incorporating a 1.8-mm-diam gradient-index relay lens is developed for in vivo histological guidance during resection of brain tumors. The microscope utilizes a dual-axis confocal architecture to efficiently reject out-of-focus light for high-contrast optical sectioning. A biaxial microelectromechanical system (MEMS) scanning mirror is actuated at resonance along each axis to achieve a large field of view with low-voltage waveforms. The unstable Lissajous scan, which results from actuating the orthogonal axes of the MEMS mirror at highly disparate resonance frequencies, is optimized to fully sample 500x500 pixels at two frames per second. Optically sectioned fluorescence images of brain tissues are obtained in living mice to demonstrate the utility of this microscope for image-guided resections.
一种结合了 1.8 毫米直径梯度折射率中继透镜的荧光共焦显微镜，用于在脑肿瘤切除过程中进行体内组织学指导。该显微镜采用双轴共焦结构，有效地排除离焦光线，实现高对比度的光学切片。双轴微机电系统（MEMS）扫描镜沿每个轴以共振方式驱动，以实现大视场和低电压波形。由以非常不同的共振频率驱动 MEMS 镜的正交轴引起的不稳定的利萨如扫描被优化，以每秒两帧的速度充分采集 500x500 像素。在活体小鼠中获得脑组织的光学切片荧光图像，以证明该显微镜在图像引导切除中的实用性。
