Chimana Henry M, Muma John Bwalya, Samui Kenny L, Hangombe Benard M, Munyeme Musso, Matope Gift, Phiri Andrew M, Godfroid Jacques, Skjerve Eystein, Tryland Morten
Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2010 Oct;42(7):1541-5. doi: 10.1007/s11250-010-9604-4. Epub 2010 Jun 3.
A cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2007 and February 2008 to estimate seroprevalence of brucellosis and identify risk factors associated with Brucella infections in commercial cattle in three districts of Lusaka province (Chongwe, Luangwa, and Kafue; n = 849) and in one rural district from the Central province (n = 48). A total of 897 serum samples were randomly collected from 55 farms along with animal-level data such as sex, age, and parity. Sera were screened for presence of anti-Brucella antibodies using the Rose Bengal test, and positive samples were confirmed using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. At the animal level, seroprevalence was estimated at 7.9% (95% CI = 4.4-11.4%) in the Lusaka province and 18.7% (95% CI = 7.5-29.9%) for Chibombo district. Brucellosis seroprevalence varied according to district, with Chongwe district recording the highest compared to other districts. Seroprevalence also varied according to sex with bulls (n = 96) having higher seroprevalence (12.5%; 95% CI = 3.8-21.1%) compared to females (8.1%; 95% CI = 4.6-11.6). Similarly, seroprevalence varied according to age groups, with the age category 1-4 years recording the highest (10.7%). The study recorded relatively low Brucella seroprevalence in commercial farms in Lusaka, compared to the traditional small-scale farms. We suggest that testing and stamping out of infected animals is likely to improve the situation and significantly reduce the public health risk associated with Brucella infections in animals.
2007年1月至2008年2月开展了一项横断面研究，以估计卢萨卡省三个区（琼圭、卢安瓜和卡富埃；n = 849）以及中央省一个农村区（n = 48）商业牛群中布鲁氏菌病的血清阳性率，并确定与布鲁氏菌感染相关的风险因素。从55个农场随机采集了897份血清样本，并收集了动物层面的数据，如性别、年龄和胎次。使用玫瑰红试验筛查血清中抗布鲁氏菌抗体的存在情况，阳性样本通过竞争酶联免疫吸附测定进行确认。在动物层面，卢萨卡省的血清阳性率估计为7.9%（95%置信区间 = 4.4 - 11.4%），奇博姆博区为18.7%（95%置信区间 = 7.5 - 29.9%）。布鲁氏菌病血清阳性率因地区而异，琼圭区的血清阳性率高于其他地区。血清阳性率也因性别而异，公牛（n = 96）的血清阳性率（12.5%；95%置信区间 = 3.8 - 21.1%）高于母牛（8.1%；95%置信区间 = 4.6 - 11.6）。同样，血清阳性率因年龄组而异，1 - 4岁年龄组的血清阳性率最高（10.7%）。与传统小规模农场相比，该研究记录的卢萨卡商业农场中布鲁氏菌血清阳性率相对较低。我们建议，对感染动物进行检测和扑杀可能会改善这种情况，并显著降低与动物布鲁氏菌感染相关的公共卫生风险。
