Center for Tropical Diseases and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Jun;82(6):1047-52. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0556.
The mosquito Culex (Melanoconion) taeniopus is a proven vector of enzootic Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) subtype IE in Central America. It has been shown to be highly susceptible to infection by this subtype, and conversely to be highly refractory to infection by other VEEV subtypes. During the 1990s in southern coastal Mexico, two VEE epizootics in horses were attributed to subtype IE VEEV. These outbreaks were associated with VEEV strains with an altered infection phenotype for the epizootic mosquito vector, Aedes (Ochlerotatus) taeniorhynchus. To determine the infectivity for the enzootic vector, Culex taeniopus, mosquitoes from a recently established colony were orally exposed to VEEV strains from the outbreak. The equine-virulent strains exhibited high infectivity and transmission potential comparable to a traditional enzootic subtype IE VEEV strain. Thus, subtype IE VEEV strains in Chiapas are able to efficiently infect enzootic and epizootic vectors and cause morbidity and mortality in horses.
中美洲的致倦库蚊（库蚊属）是地方性委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒（VEEV）亚型 IE 的已知传播媒介。事实证明，该蚊种极易感染该亚型病毒，而对其他 VEEV 亚型则具有高度抗性。20 世纪 90 年代，在墨西哥南部沿海地区，两次马属动物的 VEE 爆发归因于亚型 IE VEEV。这些疫情与具有改变了的感染表型的致疫蚊媒（埃及伊蚊）发生相关。为了确定地方性传播媒介致倦库蚊的感染性，用从爆发中分离的 VEEV 株对最近建立的蚊群进行了经口感染。这些对马属动物具有毒力的毒株表现出高感染力和传播潜力，可与传统的地方性亚型 IE VEEV 株相媲美。因此，恰帕斯州的亚型 IE VEEV 株能够有效地感染地方性和致疫性媒介，并导致马属动物发病和死亡。
