Department of Philosophy, University College Cork, Ireland.
Public Underst Sci. 2010 Mar;19(2):197-211. doi: 10.1177/0963662508096781.
This article uses notions of "public talk" and "regulation as facilitation" to develop an account of public bioethics in the UK as a form of scientific governance, drawing on document analysis and expert interviews. First, this article will show the "ethical" problematization of scientific governance in the UK through the emergence of the Human Genetics Commission (HGC), Nuffield Council on Bioethics (NCB), and Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA). Second, it will argue that an "ethical" model has emerged alongside and partially displaced a "technical" model of expertise in scientific governance. The article will introduce the notion of "proper talk," a set of techniques for facilitating ethical debate, characterized by the active elicitation of public engagement and the inclusion of emotions and subjectivity. The article then questions whether the authority to categorize publics and identify "proper" ethical positions reintroduces problems of expertise in a new form.
本文运用“公共话语”和“规范促进”的概念，通过文献分析和专家访谈，对英国的公共生命伦理学进行了科学治理形式的论述。首先，本文将通过人类遗传学委员会（HGC）、纳菲尔德生物伦理学理事会（NCB）和人类受精与胚胎管理局（HFEA）的出现，展示英国科学治理中的“伦理”问题化。其次，本文将论证一种“伦理”模式的出现，以及它在多大程度上替代了科学治理中“技术”模式的专业知识。本文将引入“恰当话语”的概念，这是一套促进伦理辩论的技术，其特点是积极引出公众的参与，并将情感和主观性纳入其中。然后，本文质疑将公众分类和确定“恰当”伦理立场的权力是否以新的形式重新引入了专业知识的问题。
