Public Health Department, Medical School, Rize University, Rize, Turkey.
BMC Public Health. 2010 Jun 10;10:329. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-329.
Anemia is considered a severe public health problem by World Health Organization when anemia prevalence is equal to or greater than 40% in the population. The purpose of this study was to determine the anemia prevalence with the associated factors in pregnant women and to determine the serum iron, folate and B12 vitamin status in anaemic pregnants in Malatya province.
This is a cross-sectional survey. A multi-sage stratified probability-proportional-to-size cluster sampling methodology was used. A total of 823 pregnant women from sixty clusters were studied. Women were administered a questionnaire related with the subject and blood samples were drawn. Total blood count was performed within four hours and serum iron, folate and B12 vitamin were studied after storing sera at -20 C for six months.
Anemia prevalence was 27.1% (Hb < 11.0 gr/dl). Having four or more living children (OR = 2.2), being at the third trimester (OR = 2.3) and having a low family income (OR = 1.6) were determined as the independent predictors of anemia in pregnancy. Anemia was also associated with soil eating (PICA) in the univariate analysis (p < 0.05). Of anaemic women, 50.0% had a transferrin saturation less than 10% indicating iron deficiency, 34.5% were deficient in B12 vitamin and 71.7% were deficient in folate. Most of the anemias were normocytic-normochromic (56.5%) indicating mixed anemia.
In Malatya, for pregnant women anemia was a moderate public health problem. Coexisting of iron, folate and B vitamin deficiencies was observed among anaemics. To continue anemia control strategies with reasonable care and diligence was recommended.
世界卫生组织认为，当人群中贫血患病率等于或大于 40%时，贫血被视为严重的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在确定马尔马拉省孕妇贫血的患病率及其相关因素，并确定贫血孕妇的血清铁、叶酸和 B12 维生素状况。
这是一项横断面研究。采用多阶段分层概率比例大小聚类抽样方法。对来自 60 个聚类的 823 名孕妇进行了研究。对妇女进行了与主题相关的问卷调查，并抽取了血液样本。在 4 小时内进行全血细胞计数，并在将血清储存在-20°C 六个月后研究血清铁、叶酸和 B12 维生素。
贫血患病率为 27.1%（Hb<11.0gr/dl）。有四个或更多孩子（OR=2.2）、处于妊娠晚期（OR=2.3）和家庭收入低（OR=1.6）是妊娠贫血的独立预测因素。在单因素分析中，贫血与吃土（PICA）有关（p<0.05）。在贫血妇女中，50.0%的转铁蛋白饱和度小于 10%，表明缺铁，34.5%的维生素 B12 缺乏，71.7%的叶酸缺乏。大多数贫血是正细胞正色素性（56.5%），表明混合性贫血。
在马拉蒂亚，贫血对孕妇来说是一个中等程度的公共卫生问题。贫血患者同时存在铁、叶酸和 B 族维生素缺乏。建议继续采取合理的护理和努力的贫血控制策略。
