Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India.
Mycopathologia. 2010 Dec;170(6):361-75. doi: 10.1007/s11046-010-9334-1. Epub 2010 Jun 25.
Unusual fungal agents that exist environmentally as saprophytes can often lead to opportunistic infections. Hyalohyphomycosis is a group of fungal infections caused by fungi characterized by hyaline septate hyphae and can infect both immunocompetent as well as immunocompromised patients. Many a times it becomes difficult to distinguish a pathogenic and a contaminant fungus, because many such agents can assume clinical significance depending on circumstances. Subcutaneous and invasive fungal infection due to the emerging hyalohyphomycotic fungus, Acremonium, has drawn the attention of clinicians and microbiologists, as a potential pathogen in patients with and without underlying risk factors. Generally considered to be minimally invasive in the past, genus Acremonium has been responsible for eumycotic mycetomas and focal infections in otherwise healthy individuals. It has also been increasingly implicated in systemic fungal diseases. The management with different antifungals in various clinical situations has been very conflicting and hence needs to be carefully evaluated. This overview is an endeavor to consolidate the available clinical infections due to Acremonium and the recommendations on treatment.
环境中存在的非典型真菌病原体通常会导致机会性感染。拟青霉病是一组由具有透明分隔菌丝的真菌引起的真菌感染，可以感染免疫功能正常和免疫功能低下的患者。由于许多此类病原体可能会根据具体情况而具有临床意义，因此有时很难区分致病真菌和污染真菌。由于新兴的拟青霉属真菌（Acremonium）引起的皮下和侵袭性真菌感染，已引起临床医生和微生物学家的关注，因为该真菌可能是有和没有潜在风险因素的患者的潜在病原体。在过去，该属真菌通常被认为是轻度侵袭性的，它曾导致过真菌性足菌肿和原本健康个体的局灶性感染。它也越来越多地与系统性真菌病有关。在各种临床情况下使用不同抗真菌药物的治疗方法存在很大争议，因此需要仔细评估。本文旨在综述由于拟青霉属真菌引起的现有临床感染情况，并就治疗提出建议。
