The S. Daniel Abraham International Center for Health and Nutrition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2010 Feb;29(1):14-24. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2010.10719812.
One of the major problems in dietary assessment is inaccuracy in reporting diet.
To examine the association between self-reported energy intake (EI) by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and energy expenditure (EE), measured by doubly labeled water (DLW), among older persons.
EE was assessed in 298 high-functioning, community-dwelling older adults (70-79 years of age) over a 2-week period using DLW. Dietary intake was assessed using a Block FFQ. The ratio between reported EI and total energy expenditure (TEE) was calculated. Misreporting was defined as follows: participants with an EI/TEE ratio of <0.77 were categorized as low energy reporters, while participants with an EI/TEE ratio >1.28 were categorized as high energy reporters. Participants with an EI/TEE ratio of 0.77-1.28 were categorized as "true" energy reporters. One-year percent weight change prior to EE visit was used as another validation indicator. Participants who were low energy reporters but lost >2% of their body weight were categorized as undereaters.
Two hundred ninety-six participants provided both FFQ and DLW measurements. Forty-three percent of participants were low energy reporters; among them, almost 30% lost weight and, therefore, were categorized as undereaters. The undereaters consumed significantly fewer calories. No difference in the frequency of low energy reporting was detected between genders or racial groups. Underreporters had significantly higher body weight than "true" or high reporters. Undereaters tended to have higher body mass index than the underreporters.
Undereating is prevalent in the elderly and may be falsely perceived as underreporting. It should be further addressed and characterized in future studies.
饮食评估中的一个主要问题是饮食报告的不准确。
检查通过食物频率问卷（FFQ）自我报告的能量摄入（EI）与通过双标水（DLW）测量的能量消耗（EE）之间在老年人中的关联。
在 2 周的时间内，通过 DLW 评估 298 名高功能、社区居住的老年人（70-79 岁）的 EE。使用 Block FFQ 评估膳食摄入量。报告的 EI 与总能量消耗（TEE）的比值计算。错误报告定义如下：EI/TEE 比<0.77 的参与者被归类为低能量报告者，而 EI/TEE 比>1.28 的参与者被归类为高能量报告者。EI/TEE 比为 0.77-1.28 的参与者被归类为“真实”能量报告者。EE 访问前一年的体重变化百分比用作另一个验证指标。低能量报告者但体重减轻>2%的参与者被归类为节食者。
296 名参与者提供了 FFQ 和 DLW 测量值。43%的参与者为低能量报告者；其中，近 30%的人体重减轻，因此被归类为节食者。节食者摄入的卡路里明显减少。在性别或种族群体之间，低能量报告的频率没有差异。低能量报告者的体重明显高于“真实”或高报告者。节食者的体重指数（BMI）明显高于低能量报告者。
老年人中普遍存在饮食不足，可能被错误地认为是报告不足。在未来的研究中应进一步解决和描述这个问题。
