Research Section Soccer Federation of the Region of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Oct;24(10):2705-14. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181cc237d.
The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of the training executed by 2 under-19 teams from the first Spanish division on aerobic power, strength, and acceleration capacity. Two under-19 soccer teams that competed in the same league were evaluated on 2 occasions. The first evaluation (E₁) was done at the beginning of the competitive period, and the second evaluation (E₂) was done 16 weeks later, coinciding with the end of the first half of the regular season. The following were evaluated: lower-body strength through jump height with countermovement with and without load (CMJ/CMJ₂₀), speed of the Smith machine bar movement in a progressive load test of full squats (FSL), acceleration capacity in 10, 20, and 30 m (T₁₀, T₂₀, T₃₀, T₁₀₋₂₀, T₁₀₋₃₀, T₂₀₋₃₀), and maximal aerobic speed (MAS). Team A executed complementary strength training, and training loads were determined with regard to the speed with which each player moved the bar in FSL. Between the evaluations, the training sessions of each team were recorded to assess their influence on the changes in E2. Team A significantly improved its MAS (p < 0.01) and its application of strength in the CMJ₂₀ (p < 0.05) and FS₂₀₋₃₀₋₄₀ (p < 0.01), while significantly worsening their acceleration capacity in all the splits (p < 0.01). Team B slightly worsened its MAS and significantly improved its application of strength in the CMJ₂₀ (p < 0.01) and FS₅₀₋₆₀ (p < 0.05). Its acceleration capacity improved insignificantly except for in the 20- to 30-m interval/T₂₀₋₃₀ (p < 0.05). The present study demonstrates that the use of loads as a function of the speed of movement, without the need to determine maximum repetitions is a methodology that is adequate for the improvement of the application of strength in under-19 soccer players.
本研究旨在评估两支西班牙甲级联赛的 U-19 队所进行的训练对有氧能力、力量和加速度能力的影响。两支参加同一联赛的 U-19 足球队在两个时间点进行了评估：第一次评估（E₁）在比赛期间开始时进行，第二次评估（E₂）在 16 周后进行，正好在常规赛的上半赛季结束时进行。评估的内容包括：通过有负荷和无负荷的深蹲跳（CMJ/CMJ₂₀）评估下肢力量；通过史密斯机杆的速度在全深蹲渐进负荷测试（FSL）中评估速度；在 10、20 和 30 米处评估加速度（T₁₀、T₂₀、T₃₀、T₁₀₋₂₀、T₁₀₋₃₀、T₂₀₋₃₀）；最大有氧速度（MAS）。A 队进行了补充力量训练，训练负荷根据每个球员在 FSL 中移动杠铃的速度确定。在两次评估之间，记录了每个队的训练情况，以评估其对 E2 变化的影响。A 队的 MAS 显著提高（p < 0.01），CMJ₂₀ 的力量应用（p < 0.05）和 FS₂₀₋₃₀₋₄₀（p < 0.01）也显著提高，而所有分段的加速度能力均显著下降（p < 0.01）。B 队的 MAS 略有下降，CMJ₂₀ 的力量应用（p < 0.01）和 FS₅₀₋₆₀（p < 0.05）显著提高。其加速度能力略有提高，除了 20-30 米的 T₂₀₋₃₀ 外（p < 0.05）。本研究表明，使用负荷作为移动速度的函数，而无需确定最大重复次数，是一种适合提高 U-19 足球运动员力量应用的方法。
