College of Plant Protection & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China;
Persoonia. 2010 Jun;24:29-37. doi: 10.3767/003158510X492101. Epub 2010 Feb 10.
Fungi in the sooty blotch and flyspeck (SBFS) complex cause blemishes on apple and pear fruit that result in economic losses for growers. The SBFS fungi colonise the epicuticular wax layer of pomaceous fruit but do not invade the cuticle. Fungi causing fuliginous and punctate mycelial types on apple are particularly difficult to identify based on morphological criteria because many species in the SBFS complex share the same mycelial phenotypes. We compared the morphology and nuclear ribosomal DNA phylogeny (ITS, LSU) of 11 fungal strains isolated from SBFS blemishes on apple obtained from two provinces in China and five states in the USA. Parsimony analysis, supported by cultural characteristics and morphology in vitro, provided support to delimit the isolates into three novel genera, representing five new species. Phaeothecoidiella, with two species, P. missouriensis and P. illinoisensis, is introduced as a new genus with pigmented endoconidia in the Dothideomycetes. Houjia (Capnodiales) is introduced for H. pomigena and H. yanglingensis. Although morphologically similar to Stanjehughesia (Chaetosphaeriaceae), Houjia is distinct in having solitary conidiogenous cells. Sporidesmajora (Capnodiales), based on S. pennsylvaniensis, is distinguished from Sporidesmium (Sordariomycetes) in having long, multiseptate conidiophores that frequently have a subconical, darkly pigmented apical cell, and very long, multi-euseptate conidia.
煤污和蝇粪斑（SBFS）复合真菌会在苹果和梨的果实上造成斑点，给种植者造成经济损失。SBFS 真菌会在苹果和梨的表皮蜡质层上定殖，但不会侵入角质层。在苹果上引起煤污和点状菌丝型的真菌，由于 SBFS 复合体内的许多物种具有相同的菌丝表型，因此根据形态标准特别难以识别。我们比较了从中国两个省和美国五个州的 SBFS 苹果斑点中分离出的 11 株真菌的形态和核核糖体 DNA 系统发育（ITS、LSU）。支持性的简约分析、文化特征和体外形态学，支持将这些分离物划分为三个新属，代表五个新种。Phaeothecoidiella 有两个种，P. missouriensis 和 P. illinoisensis，是在 Dothideomycetes 中引入的具有色素内生孢子的新属。Houjia（Capnodiales）是为 H. pomigena 和 H. yanglingensis 引入的。虽然在形态上与 Stanjehughesia（Chaetosphaeriaceae）相似，但 Houjia 的分生细胞是单生的，因此是独特的。Sporidesmajora（Capnodiales），基于 S. pennsylvaniensis，与 Sporidesmium（Sordariomycetes）的区别在于它具有长的、多隔的分生孢子梗，通常具有一个圆锥形的、深色的顶端细胞，以及非常长的、多隔的分生孢子。
