Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Br J Sports Med. 2010 Sep;44(11):816-21. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2010.071357.
To analyse risk factors leading to injuries during snowboarding.
A case-control multicentre survey of injured and non-injured snowboarders.
One tertiary and two secondary trauma centres in Bern, Switzerland.
All snowboard injuries admitted to our tertiary and two affiliated secondary trauma centres from 1 November 2007 to 15 April 2008 were analysed on the basis of a completed questionnaire incorporating 15 variables. The same questionnaire was applied in non-injured controls at valley stations after a snowboarding day during the same period. A multiple logistic regression was performed (dichotomous variables). Patterns of combined risk factors were calculated by inference trees.
306 patients and 253 controls were interviewed. The following variables were statistically significant for the injured
low readiness for speed (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.64, p=0.0037), bad weather/visibility (OR 19.06, 95% CI 2.70 to 134.73, p=0.0031) and old snow (OR 0.11, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.68, p=0.0323). Not wearing a helmet and riding on icy slopes emerged as a combination of risk factors associated with injury.
Several risk factors and combinations exist, and different risk profiles were identified. Future research should be aimed at more precise identification of groups at risk and developing specific recommendations for each group-for example, a snow-weather conditions index at valley stations.
分析导致单板滑雪受伤的危险因素。
对受伤和未受伤单板滑雪者进行病例对照多中心调查。
瑞士伯尔尼的一家三级和两家二级创伤中心。
对 2007 年 11 月 1 日至 2008 年 4 月 15 日期间我院三级和两家附属二级创伤中心收治的所有单板滑雪受伤患者，基于包含 15 个变量的完成问卷进行分析。同期在同一地区的山谷站，对单板滑雪日结束后的非受伤对照者进行了相同的问卷调查。采用二项逻辑回归（二项变量）进行分析。通过推理树计算出综合危险因素的模式。
共对 306 名患者和 253 名对照者进行了访谈。对于受伤患者，以下变量具有统计学意义：准备速度低（OR 0.20，95%CI 0.06 至 0.64，p=0.0037）、天气/能见度差（OR 19.06，95%CI 2.70 至 134.73，p=0.0031）和旧雪（OR 0.11，95%CI 0.02 至 0.68，p=0.0323）。不戴头盔和在冰面上滑雪是与受伤相关的危险因素组合。
存在多个危险因素和组合，确定了不同的风险特征。未来的研究应旨在更精确地确定风险人群，并为每个群体制定具体建议，例如山谷站的雪-天气条件指数。
