Engelhardt H Tristram
Department of Philosophy, Rice University, 6100 South Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
J Med Philos. 2010 Oct;35(5):499-517. doi: 10.1093/jmp/jhq042. Epub 2010 Oct 5.
This paper presents four different understandings of the family and their concomitant views of the authority of the family in pediatric medical decision making. These different views are grounded in robustly developed, and conflicting, worldviews supported by disparate basic premises about the nature of morality. The traditional worldviews are often found within religious communities that embrace foundational metaphysical premises at odds with the commitments of the liberal account of the family dominant in the secular culture of the West. These disputes are substantial and ultimately irresolvable by sound rational argument because of the failure to share common foundational premises and rules of evidence. It is in light of these fundamental disagreements that there is a need to evaluate critically the claims and agenda advanced by the Convention on the Rights of the Child.
本文提出了对家庭的四种不同理解，以及它们在儿科医疗决策中对家庭权威的相应观点。这些不同观点基于充分发展且相互冲突的世界观，这些世界观由关于道德本质的不同基本前提所支撑。传统世界观通常存在于宗教团体中，这些团体所秉持的基本形而上学前提与西方世俗文化中占主导地位的自由主义家庭观念的承诺相悖。由于未能共享共同的基本前提和证据规则，这些争议非常重大，最终无法通过合理的理性论证来解决。鉴于这些根本分歧，有必要批判性地评估《儿童权利公约》提出的主张和议程。
