Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Strasse 17, Berlin, Germany.
Reproduction. 2011 Jan;141(1):1-19. doi: 10.1530/REP-10-0236. Epub 2010 Oct 25.
Preservation of female genetics is currently done primarily by means of oocyte and embryo cryopreservation. The field has seen much progress during its four-decade history, progress driven predominantly by research in humans, cows, and mice. Two basic cryopreservation techniques rule the field--controlled-rate freezing, the first to be developed, and vitrification, which, in recent years, has gained a foothold. While much progress has been achieved in human medicine, the cattle industry, and in laboratory animals, this is far from being the case for most other mammals and even less so for other vertebrates. The major strides and obstacles in human and other vertebrate oocyte and embryo cryopreservation will be reviewed here.
目前，女性遗传物质的保存主要通过卵母细胞和胚胎的冷冻保存来实现。该领域在其四十年的历史中取得了长足的进步，主要得益于人类、奶牛和老鼠的研究进展。两种基本的冷冻保存技术主导着该领域——首先开发的是控制速率冷冻，近年来，玻璃化冷冻也已站稳脚跟。虽然在人类医学、奶牛业和实验动物中已经取得了很大的进展，但对于大多数其他哺乳动物来说，情况远非如此，对于其他脊椎动物来说更是如此。本文将回顾人类和其他脊椎动物卵母细胞和胚胎冷冻保存的主要进展和障碍。
