Department of Family Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Sleep Breath. 2011 Dec;15(4):809-18. doi: 10.1007/s11325-010-0442-4. Epub 2010 Nov 14.
We assessed the socio-demographic correlates of snoring and also the patterns of health behaviour and co-morbidity associated with different types of snoring in the Hungarian population. We wanted to study whether different types of snoring are associated with high-risk health behaviour, chronic illnesses, daytime consequences of poor sleep, and with frequent accidents compared with non-snoring individuals.
This is a cross-sectional study. Interviews were carried out in the homes of 12,643 people. This was the largest nationally representative study in Central Europe about health behaviour. In the Athens Insomnia Scale, questions about snoring and sleep behaviour, life-style factors and health behaviour, as well as questions on their history and current medical treatment were included in the questionnaire.
Thirty-seven percent of males and 21% of females reported loud snoring with breathing pauses. We found a significant increasing trend for the consumption of alcohol and coffee as well as smoking among non-snorers, habitual snorers and loud snorers, respectively. In an ordinal regression model male gender, the presence of smoking, the presence of three or more co-morbid conditions and alcohol consumption were independent predictors of snoring (OR [95% CI], 1.99 [1.85-2.1], 1.76 [1.60-1.92], 1.45 [1.30-1.62] and 1.22 [1.04-1.43], respectively, P < 0.001) after controlling for multiple socio-demographic and clinical variables. The frequency of accidents was higher in the loud snoring group than among non-snoring individuals (24% vs 17%, P < 0.0001).
Snoring is common in the Hungarian adult population. Snoring, especially loud snoring with breathing pauses, is strongly associated with high-risk health behaviour, higher co-morbidity and a higher frequency of accidents.
我们评估了打鼾的社会人口学相关因素，以及与匈牙利人群中不同类型打鼾相关的健康行为模式和合并症。我们想研究不同类型的打鼾是否与高风险健康行为、慢性疾病、睡眠质量差导致的日间后果以及与非打鼾个体相比频繁发生的事故有关。
这是一项横断面研究。在 12643 人的家中进行了访谈。这是中欧地区关于健康行为的最大的全国代表性研究。在雅典失眠量表中，包括了关于打鼾和睡眠行为、生活方式因素和健康行为的问题，以及关于其病史和当前治疗的问题。
37%的男性和 21%的女性报告大声打鼾伴呼吸暂停。我们发现，从不打鼾者、习惯性打鼾者和大声打鼾者中，饮酒和咖啡的消费以及吸烟的比例分别呈显著增加趋势。在一个有序回归模型中，男性性别、吸烟、三种或更多合并症的存在以及饮酒是打鼾的独立预测因素（OR [95%CI]，1.99 [1.85-2.1]、1.76 [1.60-1.92]、1.45 [1.30-1.62]和 1.22 [1.04-1.43]，P<0.001），在控制了多个社会人口学和临床变量后。在大声打鼾组中，事故发生的频率高于不打鼾者（24%比 17%，P<0.0001）。
打鼾在匈牙利成年人群中很常见。打鼾，特别是伴有呼吸暂停的大声打鼾，与高风险健康行为、更高的合并症和更高的事故频率密切相关。
