Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Nat Nanotechnol. 2011 Jan;6(1):13-22. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2010.246. Epub 2010 Dec 12.
Tissue engineering aims at developing functional substitutes for damaged tissues and organs. Before transplantation, cells are generally seeded on biomaterial scaffolds that recapitulate the extracellular matrix and provide cells with information that is important for tissue development. Here we review the nanocomposite nature of the extracellular matrix, describe the design considerations for different tissues and discuss the impact of nanostructures on the properties of scaffolds and their uses in monitoring the behaviour of engineered tissues. We also examine the different nanodevices used to trigger certain processes for tissue development, and offer our view on the principal challenges and prospects of applying nanotechnology in tissue engineering.
组织工程旨在开发用于受损组织和器官的功能性替代品。在移植之前,细胞通常被接种在生物材料支架上,这些支架可以再现细胞外基质,并为细胞提供对组织发育很重要的信息。在这里,我们回顾了细胞外基质的纳米复合材料性质,描述了不同组织的设计考虑因素,并讨论了纳米结构对支架性能的影响及其在监测工程组织行为中的应用。我们还研究了用于触发某些组织发育过程的不同纳米器件,并对应用纳米技术在组织工程中的主要挑战和前景提出了看法。