Department of Environmental Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
Lett Appl Microbiol. 2011 Feb;52(2):144-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2010.02978.x. Epub 2010 Dec 30.
To quantify microbial contamination on kitchen and bathroom surfaces (fomites) in rural Cambodian homes and to compare these concentrations to similar data from the United States and Japan.
This study monitored the numbers of faecal coliforms (i.e. thermotolerant coliforms), total coliforms, Escherichia coli and heterotrophic plate count bacteria on household surfaces in a rural village of Cambodia. Faecal coliform levels in Cambodia were highest on moist locations such as the plastic ladle used for sink water, the toilet seat surface and the cutting board surface with 100-fold higher levels of faecal coliform bacteria than E. coli and 100-fold higher levels of faecal coliforms than the US and Japanese studies.
A single public health intervention barrier, such as an improved latrine, is only partially effective for household sanitation. For complete sanitation, multiple environmental barriers may be necessary. These barriers occur in a house constructed with easily washable surfaces, a chlorinated water distribution system, house climate control and cleaning product availability.
Results of this study can be used to emphasize the importance of increasing household environmental sanitation barriers.
定量检测柬埔寨农村家庭厨房和浴室表面（接触污染）的微生物污染情况，并将这些浓度与来自美国和日本的类似数据进行比较。
本研究监测了柬埔寨一个农村村庄家庭表面的粪大肠菌群（即耐热大肠菌群）、总大肠菌群、大肠杆菌和异养平板计数细菌数量。在柬埔寨，粪大肠菌群水平在潮湿的地方最高，如用于水槽水的塑料勺子、马桶座表面和切菜板表面，其粪大肠菌群水平比大肠杆菌高 100 倍，比美国和日本的研究高 100 倍。
单一的公共卫生干预屏障，如改良的厕所，对于家庭卫生仅部分有效。要实现全面卫生，可能需要多个环境屏障。这些屏障存在于使用易于清洗的表面、氯化水分配系统、房屋气候控制和清洁产品供应的房屋中。
本研究的结果可用于强调增加家庭环境卫生屏障的重要性。
