National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 1-15-1 Tokura, Kokubunji, Tokyo 185-8511, Japan.
Acta Vet Scand. 2011 Jan 27;53(1):3. doi: 10.1186/1751-0147-53-3.
The feline endogenous retrovirus RD114 is contained in the genome of cats. The virus may contaminate live canine vaccines based on cultured feline cells. The in vivo infectivity, acute and subacute pathogenicity, and viral proliferation of the RD114 virus were evaluated by experimental infection of dogs.
Nine specific pathogen free dogs were divided into three groups, with each group consisting of one female and two male dogs. Dogs were subcutaneously inoculated in the neck with either 1 ml RD114 stock virus (group A), inactivated RD114 virus suspension (group B), or cell culture medium (group C) as a negative control. To assess blood cell counts and biochemical properties, blood samples from each group were collected 5 days before inoculation, just prior to inoculation, and 1, 3, 7 and 10 days post-inoculation.
During the experimental period of 51 days, none of the dogs inoculated with RD114 virus showed any clinical signs, significant increases in rectal temperature or abnormal blood biochemical characteristics including C-reactive protein when compared with the negative controls. We were not able to re-isolate the RD114 virus from buffy coat cells of group A dogs. Additionally, we could not detect RD114 provirus in the genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes, lymph node, spleen and sternal bone marrow cells.
Signs of RD114 virus proliferation were not found after subcutaneous infection of dogs. Although the potential risk caused by infection with RD114 virus in dogs could not be assessed in this study, we suspect that RD114 virus has little or no virulence in dogs.
猫体内的内源性逆转录病毒 RD114 存在于猫的基因组中。该病毒可能污染基于培养的猫细胞的活犬用疫苗。通过实验感染犬来评估 RD114 病毒的体内感染性、急性和亚急性致病性以及病毒增殖。
将 9 只无特定病原体犬分为 3 组，每组包括 1 只雌性和 2 只雄性犬。犬颈部皮下接种 1 ml RD114 储备病毒（A 组）、灭活 RD114 病毒悬浮液（B 组）或细胞培养液（C 组）作为阴性对照。为了评估血细胞计数和生化特性，在接种前 5 天、接种前、接种后 1、3、7 和 10 天采集每组犬的血液样本。
在 51 天的实验期间，与阴性对照相比，接种 RD114 病毒的犬均未出现任何临床症状、直肠温度显著升高或血液生化特性（包括 C 反应蛋白）异常。我们无法从 A 组犬的血涂片细胞中重新分离出 RD114 病毒。此外，我们无法从外周血白细胞、淋巴结、脾和胸骨骨髓细胞分离的基因组 DNA 中检测到 RD114 前病毒。
犬皮下感染后未发现 RD114 病毒增殖的迹象。尽管本研究无法评估犬感染 RD114 病毒的潜在风险，但我们怀疑 RD114 病毒在犬中的毒力很小或没有。
