Rosenthal Sandra J, Chang Jerry C, Kovtun Oleg, McBride James R, Tomlinson Ian D
Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Chem Biol. 2011 Jan 28;18(1):10-24. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2010.11.013.
Semiconductor quantum dots are quickly becoming a critical diagnostic tool for discerning cellular function at the molecular level. Their high brightness, long-lasting, size-tunable, and narrow luminescence set them apart from conventional fluorescence dyes. Quantum dots are being developed for a variety of biologically oriented applications, including fluorescent assays for drug discovery, disease detection, single protein tracking, and intracellular reporting. This review introduces the science behind quantum dots and describes how they are made biologically compatible. Several applications are also included, illustrating strategies toward target specificity, and are followed by a discussion on the limitations of quantum dot approaches. The article is concluded with a look at the future direction of quantum dots.
半导体量子点正迅速成为一种关键的诊断工具，用于在分子水平上识别细胞功能。它们的高亮度、长寿命、尺寸可调以及窄发光特性使其有别于传统荧光染料。量子点正被开发用于各种面向生物学的应用，包括用于药物发现、疾病检测、单蛋白追踪和细胞内报告的荧光测定。本综述介绍了量子点背后的科学原理，并描述了如何使其具有生物相容性。还包括了几个应用，阐述了实现靶向特异性的策略，随后讨论了量子点方法的局限性。文章最后展望了量子点的未来发展方向。
