Swedish Road and Transport Research Institute, SE-581 95 Linköping, Sweden.
Accid Anal Prev. 2011 May;43(3):706-13. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.10.015. Epub 2010 Nov 27.
As a way to reduce the number of car crashes different in-car safety devices are being introduced. In this paper one such application is being investigated, namely the electronic stability control system (ESC). The study used a survey method, including 2000 private car drivers (1000 driving a car with ESC and 1000 driving a car without ESC). The main objective was to investigate the effect of ESC on driver behaviour. Results show that drivers report that they drive even more carelessly when they believe that they have ESC, than when they do not. Men are more risk prone than women and young drivers more than older drivers. Using the theory of planned behaviour the results show that attitude, subjective norm and perceived control explain between 62% and 67% of driver's variation of intentions to take risks. When descriptive norm was added to the model a small but statistically significant increase was found. The study also shows that more than 35% erroneously believe that their car is equipped with an ESC system. These findings may suggest that driver behaviour could reduce the positive effect ESC has on accidents. It also shows that drivers who purchase a new car are not well informed about what kind of safety devices the car is equipped with. These findings highlight the need for more targeted information to drivers.
为了减少车祸数量，正在引入不同的车内安全装置。本文研究了其中一种应用，即电子稳定控制系统（ESC）。该研究采用了问卷调查法，共调查了 2000 名私家车驾驶员（1000 名驾驶配备 ESC 的汽车，1000 名驾驶未配备 ESC 的汽车）。主要目的是研究 ESC 对驾驶员行为的影响。结果表明，驾驶员报告说，当他们认为自己有 ESC 时，他们的驾驶行为比没有 ESC 时更加粗心。男性比女性更倾向于冒险，年轻驾驶员比老年驾驶员更倾向于冒险。使用计划行为理论，结果表明，态度、主观规范和感知控制可以解释驾驶员冒险意图变化的 62%至 67%。当将描述性规范添加到模型中时，发现了一个虽小但具有统计学意义的增加。研究还表明，超过 35%的驾驶员错误地认为他们的汽车配备了 ESC 系统。这些发现可能表明，驾驶员行为可能会降低 ESC 对事故的积极影响。它还表明，购买新车的驾驶员对汽车配备了哪些安全装置并不了解。这些发现强调了需要向驾驶员提供更有针对性的信息。
