空气污染会影响泪膜稳定性吗？爆炸事故后的一项横断面研究。
Can air pollution affect tear film stability? A cross-sectional study in the aftermath of an explosion accident.
机构信息
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2011 Apr 14;11:235. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-235.
BACKGROUND
After an explosion and fire in two tanks containing contaminated oil and sulphur products in a Norwegian industrial harbour in 2007, the surrounding area was polluted. This caused an intense smell, lasting until the waste was removed two years later. The present study reports examinations of tear film break up time among the population. The examinations were carried out because many of the people in the area complained of sore eyes. The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between living or working close to the polluted area and tear film stability one and a half years after the explosion.
METHODS
All persons working or living in an area less than six kilometres from the explosion site were invited to take part in the study together with a similar number of persons matched for age and gender living more than 20 kilometres away. Three groups were established: workers in the explosion area and inhabitants near the explosion area (but not working there) were considered to have been exposed, and inhabitants far away (who did not work in the explosion area) were considered to be unexposed. A total of 734 people were examined, and the response rate was 76 percent. Tear film stability was studied by assessing non-invasive break-up time (NIBUT) using ocular microscopy. In addition Self-reported Break Up Time (SBUT) was assessed by recording the time the subject could keep his or hers eyes open without blinking when watching a fixed point on a wall. Background information was obtained using a questionnaire. Non-parametric Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney-tests with exact p-values and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed.
RESULTS
Both NIBUT and SBUT were shorter among the male exposed workers than among the inhabitants both near and far away from the explosion area. This was also found for SBUT among males in a multiple logistic regression analysis, adjusting for age and smoking.
CONCLUSIONS
Reduced tear film stability was found among workers in an area where an explosion accident had occurred.
背景
2007 年，挪威一个工业港口的两个装有污染油和硫磺制品的储罐发生爆炸和火灾后，周边地区受到污染。这导致了强烈的气味，持续了两年，直到废物被清除。本研究报告了对该地区人群泪膜破裂时间的检查。进行这些检查是因为该地区的许多人抱怨眼睛疼痛。该研究的目的是评估在爆炸发生一年半后，居住或工作在污染区域附近与泪膜稳定性之间的关系。
方法
所有在距离爆炸地点不到六公里的地区工作或居住的人，以及在距离爆炸地点 20 公里以上的地区居住的年龄和性别相匹配的类似人数，都被邀请参加这项研究。共建立了三组：爆炸区域的工人和爆炸区域附近的居民（但不在那里工作）被认为是暴露组，而远处的居民（不在爆炸区域工作）被认为是未暴露组。共有 734 人接受了检查，应答率为 76%。通过眼显微镜评估非侵入性破裂时间（NIBUT）来研究泪膜稳定性。此外，通过记录受试者在观看墙上固定点时不眨眼的情况下可以保持眼睛睁开的时间来评估自我报告的破裂时间（SBUT）。使用问卷获得背景信息。使用非参数 Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney 检验和精确 p 值以及多因素逻辑回归分析进行分析。
结果
暴露组男性的 NIBUT 和 SBUT 均短于爆炸区附近和远处的居民，这在多因素逻辑回归分析中也适用于暴露组男性的 SBUT，调整了年龄和吸烟因素。
结论
在发生爆炸事故的区域，工人的泪膜稳定性降低。
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