Fourth Surgical Department, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Digestion. 2011;84(2):89-101. doi: 10.1159/000323456. Epub 2011 Apr 14.
Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis represent distinct phenotypic forms of inflammatory bowel disease and continue to be a common cause of morbidity. The corticosteroids and the immunomodulatory drugs, which are the basis of treatment for the inflammatory bowel diseases, do not assure always satisfactory outcomes. Nutrition has been used in order to modify the inflammatory response of various chronic inflammatory diseases, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. In the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases, the intestinal microflora and the intestinal mucosal disorders play a crucial role. Also, the release of reactive oxygen species is a significant factor of initiation and preservation of the inflammatory reaction in these diseases. The advantages of the nutritional treatment derive from the sequestration of intraluminal agents which may promote the inflammatory bowel response or, alternatively, nutrition is able to modify the immune response, reducing the uncontrolled inflammatory reaction. Furthermore, nutrition can enhance the mucosal barrier function and consists a significant source of antioxidants. This review focuses on certain nutritional components that modulate the inflammatory response of the bowel and aims to present a rational thesis regarding the use of nutritional agents in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases.
克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎代表了炎症性肠病的两种不同表型，仍是发病率的常见原因。皮质类固醇和免疫调节剂是治疗炎症性肠病的基础，但并不总是能保证满意的疗效。营养已被用于调节包括克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎在内的各种慢性炎症性疾病的炎症反应。在炎症性肠病的发病机制中，肠道微生物群和肠道黏膜紊乱起着至关重要的作用。此外，活性氧的释放是这些疾病炎症反应启动和维持的重要因素。营养治疗的优势源于腔内物质的隔离，这些物质可能会促进炎症性肠反应，或者营养能够调节免疫反应，减轻失控的炎症反应。此外，营养可以增强黏膜屏障功能，是抗氧化剂的重要来源。这篇综述重点介绍了某些调节肠道炎症反应的营养成分，并旨在就营养剂在炎症性肠病管理中的应用提出合理的论点。
