University College London, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, London, UK.
Sleep. 2011 May 1;34(5):565-73. doi: 10.1093/sleep/34.5.565.
Evidence from cross-sectional studies shows that sleep is associated with cognitive function. This study examines change in sleep duration as a determinant of cognitive function.
Prospective cohort.
The Whitehall II study.
1459 women and 3972 men aged 45-69 at baseline.
None.
Sleep duration (≤ 5, 6, 7, 8, ≥ 9 h on an average week night) was assessed once between 1997-1999, baseline for the present study, and once between 2002-2004, average follow-up 5.4 years. Cognitive function was measured (2002-2004) using 6 tests: verbal memory, inductive reasoning (Alice Heim 4-I), verbal meaning (Mill Hill), phonemic and semantic fluency, and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). In analyses adjusted for age, sex, and education, and corrected for multiple testing, adverse changes in sleep between baseline and follow-up (decrease from 6, 7, or 8 h, increase from 7 or 8 h) were associated with lower scores on most cognitive function tests. Exceptions were memory, and, for a decrease from 6-8 h only, phonemic fluency. Further adjustment for occupational position attenuated the associations slightly. However, firm evidence remained for an association between an increase from 7 or 8 h sleep and lower cognitive function for all tests, except memory, and between a decrease from 6-8 h sleep and poorer reasoning, vocabulary, and the MMSE. The magnitude of these effects was equivalent to a 4-7 year increase in age.
These results suggest that adverse changes in sleep duration are associated with poorer cognitive function in the middle-aged.
横断面研究的证据表明，睡眠与认知功能有关。本研究考察了睡眠时间的变化作为认知功能的决定因素。
前瞻性队列研究。
Whitehall II 研究。
1459 名女性和 3972 名年龄在 45-69 岁的男性，基线时为 45-69 岁。
无。
睡眠时间（平均每周夜间≤5、6、7、8、≥9 小时）在 1997-1999 年之间评估一次，作为本研究的基线，在 2002-2004 年之间评估一次，平均随访 5.4 年。认知功能使用 6 项测试进行测量（2002-2004 年）：词语记忆、归纳推理（Alice Heim 4-I）、词语含义（米尔山）、语音和语义流畅性以及迷你精神状态检查（MMSE）。在调整年龄、性别和教育因素后进行分析，并进行了多次测试校正，与基线和随访期间睡眠质量下降（从 6、7 或 8 小时减少，从 7 或 8 小时增加）相关的认知功能测试得分较低。记忆和仅从 6-8 小时减少的语音流畅性测试除外。进一步调整职业地位略微减弱了这些关联。然而，仍然有确凿的证据表明，从 7 或 8 小时的睡眠时间增加与所有测试的认知功能下降相关，除了记忆测试，以及从 6-8 小时的睡眠时间减少与推理、词汇和 MMSE 下降相关。这些影响的程度相当于年龄增加 4-7 年。
这些结果表明，睡眠时间的不利变化与中年人的认知功能较差有关。
