Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95817, USA.
Metabolism. 2011 Dec;60(12):1711-8. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2011.04.007. Epub 2011 Jun 2.
The objective of the study was to compare the effects of essential vs long-chain omega (n)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in polycystic ovary syndrome. In this 6-week, prospective, double-blinded, placebo (soybean oil)-controlled study, 51 completers received 3.5 g n-3 PUFA per day (essential PUFA from flaxseed oil or long-chain PUFA from fish oil). Anthropometric variables, cardiovascular risk factors, and androgens were measured; oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and frequently sampled intravenous GTT (IVGTT) were conducted at baseline and 6 weeks. Between-group comparisons showed significant differences in serum triglyceride response (P = .0368), whereas the changes in disposition index also tended to differ (P = .0621). When within-group changes (after vs before intervention) were considered, fish oil and flaxseed oil lowered serum triglyceride (P = .0154 and P = .0176, respectively). Fish oil increased glucose at 120 minutes of OGTT (P = .0355), decreased the Matsuda index (P = .0378), and tended to decrease acute insulin response during IVGTT (P = .0871). Soybean oil increased glucose at 30 (P = .0030) and 60 minutes (P = .0121) and AUC for glucose (P = .0122) during OGTT, tended to decrease acute insulin response during IVGTT (P = .0848), reduced testosterone (P = .0216), and tended to reduce sex hormone-binding globulin (P = .0858). Fasting glucose, insulin, adiponectin, leptin, or high-sensitivity C-reactive protein did not change with any intervention. Long-chain vs essential n-3 PUFA-rich oils have distinct metabolic and endocrine effects in polycystic ovary syndrome; and therefore, they should not be used interchangeably.
本研究旨在比较必需与长链ω（n）-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）在多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）中的作用。在这项为期 6 周的前瞻性、双盲、安慰剂（大豆油）对照研究中，51 名完成者每天服用 3.5 克 n-3 PUFA（亚麻籽油中的必需 PUFA 或鱼油中的长链 PUFA）。测量了人体测量学变量、心血管危险因素和雄激素；在基线和 6 周时进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）和频繁采样静脉葡萄糖耐量试验（IVGTT）。组间比较显示血清甘油三酯反应存在显著差异（P =.0368），而处置指数的变化也倾向于不同（P =.0621）。当考虑到组内变化（干预后与干预前）时，鱼油和亚麻籽油降低了血清甘油三酯（P =.0154 和 P =.0176）。鱼油增加了 OGTT 中 120 分钟时的葡萄糖（P =.0355），降低了 Matsuda 指数（P =.0378），并倾向于降低 IVGTT 中的急性胰岛素反应（P =.0871）。大豆油增加了 OGTT 中 30 分钟（P =.0030）和 60 分钟（P =.0121）及葡萄糖 AUC 的葡萄糖（P =.0122），倾向于降低 IVGTT 中的急性胰岛素反应（P =.0848），降低了睾酮（P =.0216），并倾向于降低性激素结合球蛋白（P =.0858）。任何干预都没有改变空腹血糖、胰岛素、脂联素、瘦素或高敏 C 反应蛋白。长链与必需 n-3 PUFA 丰富的油在多囊卵巢综合征中有不同的代谢和内分泌作用；因此，它们不应互换使用。
