Broberg Eeva, Nicoll Angus, Amato-Gauci Andrew
Surveillance and Response Support, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Tomtebodavägen 11A, SE-171 83 Stockholm, Sweden.
Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2011 Aug;18(8):1205-12. doi: 10.1128/CVI.05072-11. Epub 2011 Jun 8.
Age-specific seroprevalences for influenza virus make important contributions to estimating the burden of infection and determining the vulnerable populations. It is especially difficult to know the true clinical attack rates of the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic; however, we can estimate infection rates through analyses of seroprevalences based on national studies from different continents and countries with different demographics. After the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic, seroprevalence studies found 5 to 60% of populations across different continents and age groups having antibodies against the A(H1N1) 2009 virus. The seropositivity was highest in children and teenagers (20 to 60%) as well as in the elderly older than 80 years (20 to 40%). Preexisting cross-reactive antibodies against the virus were present mostly in sera of older people (born before 1950) who could have encountered viruses descended from the 1918 pandemic viruses. Experience with the 2009 pandemic indicates how essential early and timely serology data against the emerging virus can be for informing decisions on use of antivirals and vaccination campaigns, especially in regard to risk groups. The objectives of this review were to summarize the current data available on seroprevalence before and after the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic and the lessons learned for future pandemic preparedness.
流感病毒的年龄特异性血清流行率对于估计感染负担和确定易感人群具有重要意义。要了解2009年甲型H1N1流感大流行的真实临床发病率尤其困难；然而，我们可以通过分析来自不同大陆和具有不同人口统计学特征的国家的全国性研究中的血清流行率来估计感染率。2009年甲型H1N1流感大流行之后，血清流行率研究发现，不同大陆和年龄组中5%至60%的人口具有针对2009年甲型H1N1病毒的抗体。血清阳性率在儿童和青少年中最高（20%至60%），在80岁以上的老年人中也较高（20%至40%）。针对该病毒的预先存在的交叉反应抗体大多存在于出生于1950年之前的老年人血清中，这些人可能接触过源自1918年大流行病毒的毒株。2009年大流行的经验表明，针对新出现病毒的早期和及时血清学数据对于为抗病毒药物使用和疫苗接种运动的决策提供信息至关重要，特别是对于风险群体。本综述的目的是总结2009年甲型H1N1流感大流行前后现有的血清流行率数据以及为未来大流行防范所吸取的教训。
