睡眠与肥胖。
Sleep and obesity.
机构信息
Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2011 Jul;14(4):402-12. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283479109.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This review summarizes the most recent evidence linking decreased sleep duration and poor sleep quality to obesity, focusing upon studies in adults.
RECENT FINDINGS
Published and unpublished health examination surveys and epidemiological studies suggest that the worldwide prevalence of obesity has doubled since 1980. In 2008, 1 in 10 adults was obese, with women more likely to be obese than men. This obesity epidemic has been paralleled by a trend of reduced sleep duration. Poor sleep quality, which leads to overall sleep loss has also become a frequent complaint. Growing evidence from both laboratory and epidemiological studies points to short sleep duration and poor sleep quality as new risk factors for the development of obesity.
SUMMARY
Sleep is an important modulator of neuroendocrine function and glucose metabolism and sleep loss has been shown to result in metabolic and endocrine alterations, including decreased glucose tolerance, decreased insulin sensitivity, increased evening concentrations of cortisol, increased levels of ghrelin, decreased levels of leptin, and increased hunger and appetite. Recent epidemiological and laboratory evidence confirm previous findings of an association between sleep loss and increased risk of obesity.
目的综述
本文总结了近期有关睡眠不足和睡眠质量差与肥胖之间关系的证据，重点是成年人的研究。
最新发现
已发表和未发表的健康检查调查和流行病学研究表明，自 1980 年以来，肥胖的全球患病率增加了一倍。2008 年，每 10 个成年人中就有 1 个肥胖，女性肥胖的可能性高于男性。肥胖的流行与睡眠时间缩短的趋势相吻合。睡眠质量差导致总睡眠时间不足也成为常见的抱怨。来自实验室和流行病学研究的越来越多的证据表明，睡眠不足和睡眠质量差是肥胖发展的新危险因素。
总结
睡眠是神经内分泌功能和葡萄糖代谢的重要调节剂，睡眠不足会导致代谢和内分泌改变，包括葡萄糖耐量降低、胰岛素敏感性降低、傍晚皮质醇浓度升高、胃饥饿素水平升高、瘦素水平降低以及饥饿感和食欲增加。最近的流行病学和实验室证据证实了之前关于睡眠不足与肥胖风险增加之间关联的发现。
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