Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Department of Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany.
Radiat Res. 2011 Nov;176(5):660-9. doi: 10.1667/rr2211.1. Epub 2011 Jul 25.
The data on risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease due to radiation exposure at low or medium doses are inconsistent. This paper reports an analysis of the Semipalatinsk historical cohort exposed to radioactive fallout from nuclear testing in the vicinity of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, Kazakhstan. The cohort study, which includes 19,545 persons of exposed and comparison villages in the Semipalatinsk region, had been set up in the 1960s and comprises 582,656 person-years of follow-up between 1960 and 1999. A dosimetric approach developed by the U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI) has been used. Radiation dose estimates in this cohort range from 0 to 630 mGy (whole-body external). Overall, the exposed population showed a high mortality from cardiovascular disease. Rates of mortality from cardiovascular disease in the exposed group substantially exceeded those of the comparison group. Dose-response analyses were conducted for both the entire cohort and the exposed group only. A dose-response relationship that was found when analyzing the entire cohort could be explained completely by differences between the baseline rates in exposed and unexposed groups. When taking this difference into account, no statistically significant dose-response relationship for all cardiovascular disease, for heart disease, or for stroke was found. Our results suggest that within this population and at the level of doses estimated, there is no detectable risk of radiation-related mortality from cardiovascular disease.
由于低剂量或中剂量辐射暴露导致心血管疾病死亡的风险数据不一致。本文报告了对哈萨克斯坦塞米巴拉金斯克核试验场附近核试验放射性沉降物照射的塞米巴拉金斯克历史队列的分析。该队列研究包括塞米巴拉金斯克地区的 19545 名暴露人群和对照村庄，于 20 世纪 60 年代设立，1960 年至 1999 年期间随访了 582656 人年。采用了美国国家癌症研究所（NCI）开发的剂量学方法。该队列中的辐射剂量估计值范围从 0 到 630 mGy（全身外照射）。总体而言，暴露人群的心血管疾病死亡率很高。暴露组的心血管疾病死亡率明显高于对照组。对整个队列和仅暴露组进行了剂量-反应分析。当分析整个队列时，发现了一种剂量-反应关系，这可以完全用暴露组和未暴露组之间的基线率差异来解释。当考虑到这一差异时，未发现所有心血管疾病、心脏病或中风的统计学显著剂量-反应关系。我们的研究结果表明，在该人群和估计剂量水平下，没有可检测到的与辐射相关的心血管疾病死亡风险。
