Department of Physiological Nursing - Gerontology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0610, USA.
Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2012 Jul;16(3):264-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2011.06.008. Epub 2011 Jul 30.
In 2010, lung cancer is expected to be the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women. Because survival rates are increasing, an evaluation of the effects of treatment on quality of life (QOL) is an important outcome measure. In other diseases, stigma is known to have a negative impact on health status and QOL and be amenable to intervention. This is the first study to compare levels of lung cancer stigma (LCS) and relationships between LCS, depression, and QOL in ever and never smokers.
A total of 192 participants with a self-report diagnosis of lung cancer completed questionnaires online.
Strong associations in the expected directions, were found between LCS and depression (r = 0.68, p < 0.001) and QOL (r = -0.65, p < 0.001). No significant differences were found in demographic characteristics or study variables between ever smokers and never smokers. A simultaneous multiple regression with 5 independent variables revealed an overall model that explained 62.5% of the total variance of QOL (F5,168 = 56.015, P < 0.001).
After removing age, gender, and smoking status, depression explained 22.5% of the total variance of QOL (F4,168 = 100.661, p < 0.001). It is expected that depression and LCS would share some of the explanation of the variance of QOL, the correlation between LCS and depression is 0.629 (p < 0.001), however, LCS provides a unique and significant explanation of the variance of QOL over and above that of depression, age, gender, and smoking status, by 2.1% (p < 0.001).
预计 2010 年肺癌将成为男性和女性癌症死亡的主要原因。由于存活率在不断提高，对治疗对生活质量（QOL）的影响进行评估是一项重要的结果衡量标准。在其他疾病中，耻辱感被认为对健康状况和生活质量有负面影响，并且可以进行干预。这是第一项比较肺癌耻辱感（LCS）水平以及在曾经和从未吸烟者中 LCS、抑郁和 QOL 之间关系的研究。
共有 192 名自我报告诊断为肺癌的参与者通过在线问卷完成了调查。
在预期的方向上发现了 LCS 与抑郁（r=0.68，p<0.001）和 QOL（r=-0.65，p<0.001）之间存在强烈关联。曾经吸烟者和从未吸烟者在人口统计学特征或研究变量方面没有显著差异。具有 5 个独立变量的同步多元回归显示，一个总体模型可以解释 QOL 总方差的 62.5%（F5,168=56.015，P<0.001）。
在消除年龄、性别和吸烟状况后，抑郁解释了 QOL 总方差的 22.5%（F4,168=100.661，p<0.001）。预计抑郁和 LCS 将共同解释 QOL 方差的一部分，LCS 与抑郁之间的相关性为 0.629（p<0.001），但是，LCS 提供了一个独特且重要的解释，说明除了抑郁、年龄、性别和吸烟状况之外，LCS 还可以解释 QOL 方差的 2.1%（p<0.001）。
