Department of Psychology, Boston University, 648 Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Cogn Emot. 2012;26(2):282-99. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2011.579414. Epub 2011 Aug 1.
We review likely neurobiological substrates of cognitions related to fear and anxiety. Cognitive processes are linked to abnormal early activity reflecting hypervigilance in subcortical networks involving the amygdala, hippocampus, and insular cortex, and later recruitment of cortical regulatory resources, including activation of the anterior cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex to implement avoidant response strategies. Based on this evidence, we present a cognitive-neurobiological information-processing model of fear and anxiety, linking distinct brain structures to specific stages of information processing of perceived threat.
我们回顾了与恐惧和焦虑相关的认知的可能神经生物学基础。认知过程与异常的早期活动有关，反映了涉及杏仁核、海马体和脑岛的皮质下网络的过度警觉，以及后来皮质调节资源的招募，包括前扣带回皮层和前额叶皮层的激活，以实施回避反应策略。基于这一证据，我们提出了一个恐惧和焦虑的认知神经生物学信息处理模型，将不同的大脑结构与感知威胁的信息处理的特定阶段联系起来。
