Sleep, Metabolism, and Health Center, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Sep 13;108 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):15609-16. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1101338108. Epub 2011 Aug 18.
Rates of obesity have been steadily increasing, along with disorders commonly associated with obesity, such as cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes. Simultaneously, average sleep times have progressively decreased. Recently, evidence from both laboratory and epidemiologic studies has suggested that insufficient sleep may stimulate overeating and thus play a role in the current epidemic of obesity and diabetes. In the human sleep laboratory it is now possible to carefully control sleep behavior and study the link between sleep duration and alterations in circulating hormones involved in feeding behavior, glucose metabolism, hunger, and appetite. This article focuses on the methodologies used in experimental protocols that have examined modifications produced by sleep restriction (or extension) compared with normal sleep. The findings provide evidence that sleep restriction does indeed impair glucose metabolism and alters the cross-talk between the periphery and the brain, favoring excessive food intake. A better understanding of the adverse effects of sleep restriction on the CNS control of hunger and appetite may have important implications for public health.
肥胖率一直在稳步上升，同时伴随着与肥胖相关的常见疾病，如心血管疾病和 2 型糖尿病。与此同时，人们的平均睡眠时间逐渐减少。最近，来自实验室和流行病学研究的证据表明，睡眠不足可能会刺激过度进食，从而在当前肥胖和糖尿病的流行中发挥作用。在人类睡眠实验室中，现在可以仔细控制睡眠行为，并研究睡眠持续时间与参与进食行为、葡萄糖代谢、饥饿和食欲的循环激素变化之间的联系。本文重点介绍了在实验方案中使用的方法，这些方案研究了与正常睡眠相比，睡眠限制（或延长）所产生的变化。研究结果表明，睡眠限制确实会损害葡萄糖代谢，并改变外周和大脑之间的相互作用，导致过度进食。更好地了解睡眠限制对中枢神经系统控制饥饿和食欲的不良影响，可能对公共健康具有重要意义。
