Pampel Fred C
University of Colorado, Boulder.
Soc Sci Q. 2006 Mar;87(1):19-35. doi: 10.1111/j.0038-4941.2006.00366.x.
The inverse relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and smoking is typically seen in terms of the greater economic and social resources of advantaged groups, but it may also relate to cultural resources. This study aims to test theories of symbolic distinction by examining relationships between smoking and ostensibly unrelated cultural preferences. METHODS: Using the 1993 General Social Survey, ordinal logistic regression models, and a three-category dependent variable (never, former, and current smoker), the analysis estimates relationships of musical likes and dislikes with smoking while controlling for SES and social strain. RESULTS: Preferences for classical music are associated with lower smoking, while preferences for bluegrass, jazz, and heavy metal music are associated with higher smoking. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that SES groups may use smoking, like other cultural tastes, to distinguish their lifestyles from those of others.
社会经济地位（SES）与吸烟之间的反向关系通常被认为是由于优势群体拥有更多的经济和社会资源，但这也可能与文化资源有关。本研究旨在通过检验吸烟与表面上不相关的文化偏好之间的关系来验证象征区分理论。方法：利用1993年综合社会调查、有序逻辑回归模型以及一个三分类因变量（从不吸烟、曾经吸烟和现在吸烟），该分析在控制社会经济地位和社会压力的同时，估计音乐喜好与吸烟之间的关系。结果：对古典音乐的偏好与较低的吸烟率相关，而对蓝草音乐、爵士乐和重金属音乐的偏好与较高的吸烟率相关。结论：结果表明，社会经济地位群体可能像利用其他文化品味一样，利用吸烟来将自己的生活方式与他人区分开来。
