Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, Guillem Colom Bldg, Campus, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Public Health Nutr. 2012 Apr;15(4):683-92. doi: 10.1017/S1368980011002199. Epub 2011 Sep 8.
To assess prevailing food patterns among Balearic Islands' adolescents, and socio-economic and lifestyle determinants.
Cross-sectional nutritional survey carried out (2007-2008) in the Balearic Islands, a Mediterranean region. Dietary assessment was based on a 145-item semi-quantitative FFQ and two non-consecutive 24 h recalls. Anthropometric measurements and questions related to socio-economic, lifestyle, physical activity and body image were assessed.
Data obtained from a representative sample of all inhabitants living in the Balearic Islands aged 12-17 years.
A random sample (n 1231) of the adolescent population (12-17 years old) was interviewed.
Factor analysis identified two major dietary food patterns: 'Western' and 'Mediterranean'. The 'Western' dietary pattern was higher among boys than girls, associated with spending ≥4 h/d on media screen time, but less prevalent among those adolescents who desired a thinner body and those girls who desired to remain the same weight. The 'Mediterranean' dietary pattern was mainly followed by girls, and also boys who spent < 2 h/d on media screen time and girls with high parental socio-economic status.
The present study shows the existence of two major dietary patterns among Balearic Islands' adolescents: 'Western' and 'Mediterranean', but girls are more 'Mediterranean' than boys. This evidence supports that the food pattern of Balearic Islands' adolescents is in a transitional state characterised by the loss of the traditional Mediterranean dietary pattern towards a Western dietary pattern. Low parental socio-economic status, much leisure-time on sedentary behaviours such as media screen time and body image are factors associated with the 'Western' dietary pattern.
评估巴利阿里群岛青少年流行的食物模式，以及社会经济和生活方式决定因素。
在巴利阿里群岛进行的横断面营养调查（2007-2008 年），这是一个地中海地区。膳食评估基于 145 项半定量 FFQ 和两次非连续 24 小时回忆。进行了人体测量测量和与社会经济、生活方式、身体活动和身体形象相关的问题评估。
从居住在巴利阿里群岛的所有 12-17 岁居民中获得的数据。
对青少年人群（12-17 岁）进行了随机抽样（n=1231）访谈。
因子分析确定了两种主要的饮食食物模式：“西方”和“地中海”。“西方”饮食模式在男孩中高于女孩，与每天花费≥4 小时在媒体屏幕时间有关，但在那些希望更瘦的青少年和那些希望保持体重不变的女孩中较少流行。“地中海”饮食模式主要由女孩遵循，也由每天花费<2 小时在媒体屏幕时间的男孩和社会经济地位较高的女孩遵循。
本研究表明，巴利阿里群岛青少年存在两种主要的饮食模式：“西方”和“地中海”，但女孩比男孩更“地中海”。这一证据表明，巴利阿里群岛青少年的饮食模式处于一种过渡状态，其特征是传统的地中海饮食模式向西方饮食模式转变。低父母社会经济地位、闲暇时间多从事久坐行为（如媒体屏幕时间）和身体形象是与“西方”饮食模式相关的因素。
