SARS 和 H1N1/A 的教训：利用世卫组织-世界贸易组织论坛促进最佳经济-公共卫生大流行病应对。
Lessons from SARS and H1N1/A: employing a WHO-WTO forum to promote optimal economic-public health pandemic response.
机构信息
Institute of Health Law Studies, California Western School of Law and Joint Doctoral Program on Global Health, University of California San Diego-San Diego State University, 350 Cedar Street, San Diego, CA 92101, USA.
出版信息
J Public Health Policy. 2012 Feb;33(1):119-30. doi: 10.1057/jphp.2011.51. Epub 2011 Nov 3.
Abstract
No formal system exists to review trade restrictions imposed during international public health emergencies rapidly. Failure to put one in place creates disincentives for surveillance and reporting, thereby undermining protection efforts. The 2003 SARS outbreak exposed weaknesses in global governance that caused uncoordinated public health and economic responses. New International Health Regulations (IHR), applied first during the 2009 H1N1 influenza outbreak, demonstrated improvement. Yet they failed to allow for management of public health emergencies in a way that balanced threats to health and those to economies and trade. Establishment of a joint WHO-WTO committee to adjudicate these conflicts might better achieve that balance.
摘要
目前尚不存在审查在国际公共卫生突发事件期间实施的贸易限制的正式制度。不建立这样的制度会对监测和报告造成阻碍，从而破坏保护工作。2003 年的非典疫情暴露出全球治理的弱点，导致公共卫生和经济应对措施不协调。首次在 2009 年 H1N1 流感疫情中实施的新《国际卫生条例》（IHR）有所改进。然而，它们未能以平衡对健康、经济和贸易威胁的方式来管理公共卫生突发事件。建立一个由世卫组织和世界贸易组织共同组成的委员会来裁决这些冲突，可能会更好地实现这种平衡。
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