Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2012 Apr;43(2):306-21. doi: 10.1007/s10578-011-0266-x.
Urban Latino youth are exposed to high rates of violence, which increases risk for diverse forms of psychopathology. The current study aims to increase specificity in predicting responses by testing the hypothesis that youths' reinforcement sensitivity-behavioral inhibition (BIS) and behavioral approach (BAS)-is associated with specific clinical outcomes and increases risk for the development of such problems following exposure to violence. Utilizing a short-term longitudinal design, Latino youth (N = 168) provided reports of BIS/BAS and emotional/behavioral problems at Time 1, exposure to violence between Time 1 and Time 2, and clinical symptoms at Time 2. Results suggested that reinforcement sensitivity moderated the relation between violence exposure and psychopathology, such that increasing levels of BIS were associated with elevated risk for internalizing and posttraumatic stress symptoms following exposure to violence whereas BAS increased risk for externalizing problems. The importance of building on existing knowledge to understand minority youth psychopathology is discussed.
城市拉丁裔青年面临着高暴力率，这增加了他们出现各种精神病理学问题的风险。本研究旨在通过检验以下假设来增加预测反应的特异性，即青少年的强化敏感性-行为抑制（BIS）和行为趋近（BAS）与特定的临床结果相关，并在接触暴力后增加出现这些问题的风险。利用短期纵向设计，拉丁裔青年（N=168）在第一时间报告 BIS/BAS 和情绪/行为问题，在第一时间和第二时间之间报告暴力暴露情况，在第二时间报告临床症状。结果表明，强化敏感性调节了暴力暴露与精神病理学之间的关系，即 BIS 水平的升高与暴露于暴力后内化和创伤后应激症状的风险增加有关，而 BAS 则增加了外化问题的风险。讨论了在现有知识基础上进一步理解少数族裔青年精神病理学的重要性。
