Department of Psychology, Middlebury College, 276 Bicentennial Hall, Middlebury, VT 05753, USA.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2012 May;38(3):747-56. doi: 10.1037/a0026375. Epub 2011 Nov 21.
In an experiment, I examined the influence of 2 associative factors on false memory in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm (Deese, 1959; Roediger & McDermott, 1995): the strength of the association from studied items to unstudied lure items (backward associative strength, or BAS) and the strength of the association from unstudied lure items to studied items (forward associative strength, or FAS). BAS and FAS were manipulated, and participants were asked to respond rapidly at retrieval or were allowed to respond in a self-paced manner in order to examine the contributions of automatic and controlled memory processes to lure errors. The results of this study demonstrated that both BAS and FAS influenced lure errors under speeded retrieval conditions and under self-paced retrieval conditions, as well as that lure errors generally increased when retrieval time increased. These results favor the explanation of false memory offered by global-matching models over those of activation-monitoring theory and fuzzy-trace theory.
在一项实验中，我考察了两个联想因素对迪希-罗迪格-麦克德莫特范式（Deese，1959；Roediger & McDermott，1995）中虚假记忆的影响：从学习项目到未学习诱饵项目的联想强度（反向联想强度，或 BAS）和从未学习诱饵项目到学习项目的联想强度（正向联想强度，或 FAS）。操纵了 BAS 和 FAS，并要求参与者在检索时快速做出反应，或者允许他们以自我调节的方式做出反应，以考察自动和控制记忆过程对诱饵错误的贡献。这项研究的结果表明，在快速检索条件和自我调节检索条件下，BAS 和 FAS 都会影响诱饵错误，并且当检索时间增加时，诱饵错误通常会增加。这些结果支持全局匹配模型对虚假记忆的解释，而不是激活监测理论和模糊跟踪理论的解释。
