Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2012 Sep;112(9):3327-34. doi: 10.1007/s00421-012-2320-1. Epub 2012 Jan 20.
Warm-up is used before every competitive sporting activity as a means to activate the body, reduce the risk of injury and increase performance in subsequent tasks. However, there is little information on how long the effects of warm-up last. This is of particular interest in basketball playing, since no rewarm-up is allowed to players who sit on the bench. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine changes in performance and biochemical parameters of basketball players while resting after warm-up. On each of four consecutive days, 14 elite basketball players (7 male and 7 female) performed a structured warm-up program, after which they had body temperature measured, provided blood samples and performed countermovement jump and 20-m run tests. Then, they rested for either 10, 20, 30 or 40 min in a random, counterbalanced order. Temperature measurement, blood sampling, and performance testing were repeated after each rest interval. Body temperature and countermovement jump decreased gradually during rest (p < 0.05 for linear trend), whereas 10- and 20-m run times increased gradually (p < 0.05 for linear trend). Serum glucose decreased during rest (p = 0.028) independent of interval duration. We conclude that there is a relatively fast decline in jumping and running performance when basketball players remain inactive after warm-up. Our study highlights the need to address the rapid drop in performance after warm-up for the basketball players who do not participate in a game from the start.
热身是在每一项竞技体育活动前进行的，目的是激活身体、降低受伤风险并提高后续任务的表现。然而，关于热身的效果持续多长时间的信息却很少。这在篮球运动中尤其重要，因为替补球员不允许重新热身。因此，本研究旨在检查篮球运动员在热身结束后休息时的表现和生化参数的变化。在连续四天的每一天，14 名精英篮球运动员（7 名男性和 7 名女性）进行了结构化的热身程序，之后测量体温、采集血液样本并进行了纵跳和 20 米跑测试。然后，他们以随机、平衡的顺序休息 10、20、30 或 40 分钟。在每个休息间隔后重复体温测量、血液采样和性能测试。在休息期间，体温和纵跳逐渐下降（线性趋势，p<0.05），而 10 米和 20 米跑时间逐渐增加（线性趋势，p<0.05）。血清葡萄糖在休息期间下降（p=0.028），与间隔时间无关。我们得出结论，篮球运动员在热身结束后保持不活动状态时，跳跃和跑步表现会迅速下降。我们的研究强调了需要解决热身后运动员表现迅速下降的问题，因为这些运动员并非从一开始就参与比赛。
