Huppertz H I
Children's Hospital, University of Würzburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
Eur J Pediatr. 1990 Sep;149(12):814-21. doi: 10.1007/BF02072065.
Lyme borreliosis is a multisystem disorder common in childhood. It is an acute and persistent anthropozoonotic infection caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) which is transmitted by Ixodes ticks. After the tick bite in summer, erythema migrans, meningoradiculoneuritis, or carditis may develop within the same season. Later manifestations may be oligo-arthritis, progressive encephalomyelitis, or acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans. The most common course is probably asymptomatic. Connatal infection is possible. Diagnosis is established mainly by history and clinical manifestations. The antibody response to Bb can be measured in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Tests may be false-negative early in the course of the disease or after early treatment. False-positive results may be caused by cross-reactions. Interpretation of test results must also consider unrelated anamnestic titres or asymptomatic infection. Treatment with appropriate antibiotics cures the disease in most patients, however some patients may not respond. The optimal drug has not yet been found. Best prophylaxis is by early removal of the tick from the skin.
莱姆病是一种在儿童中常见的多系统疾病。它是由伯氏疏螺旋体（Bb）引起的急性和持续性人畜共患感染，通过蜱虫传播。夏季被蜱虫叮咬后，在同一季节内可能会出现游走性红斑、脑膜神经根神经炎或心脏炎。后期表现可能为寡关节炎、进行性脑脊髓炎或慢性萎缩性肢端皮炎。最常见的病程可能是无症状的。先天性感染也是可能的。诊断主要依据病史和临床表现。可在血清和脑脊液中检测对Bb的抗体反应。在疾病早期或早期治疗后，检测可能出现假阴性结果。假阳性结果可能由交叉反应引起。检测结果的解读还必须考虑无关的既往滴度或无症状感染情况。大多数患者使用适当的抗生素治疗可治愈该疾病，但有些患者可能无反应。尚未找到最佳药物。最佳预防措施是尽早从皮肤上移除蜱虫。
