Department of Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2012 Feb;108(2):117-22. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2011.10.013. Epub 2011 Nov 29.
Sacran is a newly discovered sulfated polysaccharide extracted from an algae, Aphanothece sacrum, grown in a river of the Kyushu region in Japan.
To evaluate sacran's inhibitory effect in 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB)-induced allergic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice.
Sacran was extracted by acid and alkaline treatment of A sacrum cyanobacterial biomaterials. To sensitize mice, 150 μL of 5% TNCB was applied epicutaneously on the abdomen of each mouse on day 1 and challenged with 15 μL of 1% TNCB applied on the ear skin of mice on day 8 and then every other day to induce skin lesions. Serum levels of inflammatory markers were measured and histopathologic examination of ear skin specimens performed. On the other hand, sacran's transepidermal water loss was evaluated in 11 volunteer women with dry skin.
Epicutaneous application of sacran in mice has significantly inhibited the development of allergic dermatitis skin lesions and reduced the number of scratching behavior episodes (P < .01). In addition, sacran efficiently inhibited IgE (P < .001), tumor necrosis factor α (P = .02), interleukin 4, interleukin 5, and interferon γ (P < .01; vs buffer in the TNCB group) production and eosinophilic infiltration in the chemical allergen-exposed ear skin. In addition, sacran-treated body regions of human volunteers with dry skin significantly reduced transepidermal water loss levels compared with exogenous hyaluronic acid (P < .01), which is known to improve skin moisture and exert skin barrier repair activity.
This study suggests that sacran exerts anti-inflammatory effects by improving skin barrier function and reducing T(H)2 cytokine production.
沙聚糖是一种从日本九州河流中生长的蓝藻 Aphanothece sacrum 中提取的新型硫酸化多糖。
评价沙聚糖对 2,4,6-三硝基氯苯（TNCB）诱导的 NC/Nga 小鼠过敏性皮炎的抑制作用。
通过对 A 蓝藻生物材料进行酸碱性处理提取沙聚糖。致敏小鼠时，将 5% TNCB 溶液 150 μL 涂于每只小鼠腹部的表皮上，第 1 天；第 8 天，将 1% TNCB 溶液 15 μL 涂于小鼠耳部皮肤进行挑战，然后每隔一天对小鼠进行一次皮肤损伤诱导。测量血清炎症标志物水平，并对耳部皮肤标本进行组织病理学检查。另一方面，在 11 名患有干燥皮肤的志愿者女性中评估沙聚糖的经皮水分丢失。
沙聚糖经皮应用于小鼠可显著抑制过敏性皮炎皮损的发展，并减少搔抓行为发作次数（P <.01）。此外，沙聚糖还能有效抑制 IgE（P <.001）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（P =.02）、白细胞介素 4、白细胞介素 5 和干扰素 γ（P <.01；与 TNCB 组中的缓冲液相比）的产生，以及嗜酸性粒细胞在化学变应原暴露的耳部皮肤中的浸润。此外，与已知能改善皮肤水分并发挥皮肤屏障修复作用的外源性透明质酸相比，沙聚糖处理的干燥皮肤志愿者身体部位的经皮水分丢失水平显著降低（P <.01）。
本研究表明，沙聚糖通过改善皮肤屏障功能和减少 TH2 细胞因子的产生发挥抗炎作用。
