CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Stud Mycol. 2011 Nov 15;70(1):159-83. doi: 10.3114/sim.2011.70.04.
The taxonomic history of anamorphic species attributed to Penicillium subgenus Biverticillium is reviewed, along with evidence supporting their relationship with teleomorphic species classified in Talaromyces. To supplement previous conclusions based on ITS, SSU and/or LSU sequencing that Talaromyces and subgenus Biverticillium comprise a monophyletic group that is distinct from Penicillium at the generic level, the phylogenetic relationships of these two groups with other genera of Trichocomaceae was further studied by sequencing a part of the RPB1 (RNA polymerase II largest subunit) gene. Talaromyces species and most species of Penicillium subgenus Biverticilliumsensu Pitt reside in a monophyletic clade distant from species of other subgenera of Penicillium. For detailed phylogenetic analysis of species relationships, the ITS region (incl. 5.8S nrDNA) was sequenced for the available type strains and/or representative isolates of Talaromyces and related biverticillate anamorphic species. Extrolite profiles were compiled for all type strains and many supplementary cultures. All evidence supports our conclusions that Penicillium subgenus Biverticillium is distinct from other subgenera in Penicillium and should be taxonomically unified with the Talaromyces species that reside in the same clade. Following the concepts of nomenclatural priority and single name nomenclature, we transfer all accepted species of Penicillium subgenus Biverticillium to Talaromyces. A holomorphic generic diagnosis for the expanded concept of Talaromyces, including teleomorph and anamorph characters, is provided. A list of accepted Talaromyces names and newly combined Penicillium names is given. Species of biotechnological and medical importance, such as P. funiculosum and P. marneffei, are now combined in Talaromyces. Excluded species and taxa that need further taxonomic study are discussed. An appendix lists other generic names, usually considered synonyms of Penicillium sensu lato that were considered prior to our adoption of the name Talaromyces.
Taxonomic novelties:New species - Talaromyces apiculatus Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, sp. nov. New combinationsand names - Talaromyces aculeatus (Raper & Fennell) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. albobiverticillius (H.-M. Hsieh, Y.-M. Ju & S.-Y. Hsieh) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. allahabadensis (B.S. Mehrotra & D. Kumar) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. aurantiacus (J.H. Mill., Giddens & A.A. Foster) Samson, Yilmaz, & Frisvad, T. boninensis (Yaguchi & Udagawa) Samson, Yilmaz, & Frisvad, T. brunneus (Udagawa) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. calidicanius (J.L. Chen) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. cecidicola (Seifert, Hoekstra & Frisvad) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. coalescens (Quintan.) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. dendriticus (Pitt) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. diversus (Raper & Fennell) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. duclauxii (Delacr.) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. echinosporus (Nehira) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, comb. nov. T. erythromellis (A.D. Hocking) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. funiculosus (Thom) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. islandicus (Sopp) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. loliensis (Pitt) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. marneffei (Segretain, Capponi & Sureau) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. minioluteus (Dierckx) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. palmae (Samson, Stolk & Frisvad) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. panamensis (Samson, Stolk & Frisvad) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. paucisporus (Yaguchi, Someya & Udagawa) Samson & Houbraken T. phialosporus (Udagawa) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. piceus (Raper & Fennell) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. pinophilus (Hedgcock) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. pittii (Quintan.) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. primulinus (Pitt) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. proteolyticus (Kamyschko) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. pseudostromaticus (Hodges, G.M. Warner, Rogerson) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. purpurogenus (Stoll) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. rademirici (Quintan.) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. radicus (A.D. Hocking & Whitelaw) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. ramulosus (Visagie & K. Jacobs) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. rubicundus (J.H. Mill., Giddens & A.A. Foster) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. rugulosus (Thom) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. sabulosus (Pitt & A.D. Hocking) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. siamensis (Manoch & C. Ramírez) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. sublevisporus (Yaguchi & Udagawa) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. variabilis (Sopp) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. varians (G. Sm.) Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad, T. verruculosus (Peyronel) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert, T. viridulus Samson, Yilmaz & Frisvad.
审查了归因于 Penicillium 次菌属 Biverticillium 的无型种的分类历史，以及支持它们与分类为 Talaromyces 的有性态物种关系的证据。为了补充先前基于 ITS、SSU 和/或 LSU 测序得出的结论，即 Talaromyces 和次菌属 Biverticillium 构成一个单系群，与 Penicillium 在属级水平上不同，通过对这些两个组与 Trichocomaceae 其他属的部分 RPB1（RNA 聚合酶 II 大亚基）基因进行测序，进一步研究了这些两个组与其他属的系统发育关系。Talaromyces 物种和大多数 Penicillium 次菌属 Biverticillium sensu Pitt 的无型种位于远离其他 Penicillium 亚属物种的单系群中。为了详细分析物种关系的系统发育，对可用的模式株和/或代表性分离株的 Talaromyces 和相关的双曲无型种进行了 ITS 区（包括 5.8S nrDNA）测序。编译了所有类型菌株和许多补充培养物的外泌体图谱。所有证据都支持我们的结论，即 Penicillium 次菌属 Biverticillium 与 Penicillium 的其他亚属不同，应该在分类上与位于同一进化枝中的 Talaromyces 物种统一。遵循命名法优先和单一名称命名法的概念，我们将所有被接受的 Penicillium 次菌属 Biverticillium 物种转移到 Talaromyces。提供了一个扩展的 Talaromyces 概念的完整通用诊断，包括有性态和无型态特征。给出了已接受的 Talaromyces 名称和新组合的 Penicillium 名称列表。具有生物技术和医学重要性的物种，如 P. funiculosum 和 P. marneffei，现在都结合在 Talaromyces 中。讨论了排除的物种和需要进一步分类研究的分类单元。附录列出了其他通常被认为是 Penicillium sensu lato 的同义词的通用名称，这些名称在我们采用 Talaromyces 名称之前已经考虑过。
新种 - Talaromyces apiculatus Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad，sp. nov. 新组合和名称 - Talaromyces aculeatus（Raper 和 Fennell）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. albobiverticillius（H.-M. Hsieh、Y.-M. Ju 和 S.-Y. Hsieh）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. allahabadensis（B.S. Mehrotra 和 D. Kumar）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad、T. aurantiacus（J.H. Mill.、Giddens 和 A.A. Foster）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad、T. boninensis（Yaguchi 和 Udagawa）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad、T. brunneus（Udagawa）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad、T. calidicanius（J.L. Chen）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad、T. cecidicola（Seifert、Hoekstra 和 Frisvad）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. coalescens（Quintan.）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad、T. dendriticus（Pitt）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. diversus（Raper 和 Fennell）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad、T. duclauxii（Delacr.）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. echinosporus（Nehira）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad，组合。 nov. T. erythromellis（A.D. Hocking）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. funiculosus（Thom）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. islandicus（Sopp）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. loliensis（Pitt）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad、T. marneffei（Segretain、Capponi 和 Sureau）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. minioluteus（Dierckx）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. palmae（Samson、Stolk 和 Frisvad）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. panamensis（Samson、Stolk 和 Frisvad）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad、T. paucisporus（Yaguchi、Someya 和 Udagawa）Samson 和 Houbraken T. phialosporus（Udagawa）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad、T. piceus（Raper 和 Fennell）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. pinophilus（Hedgcock）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. pittii（Quintan.）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. primulinus（Pitt）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad、T. proteolyticus（Kamyschko）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad、T. pseudostromaticus（Hodges、G.M. Warner、Rogerson）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. purpurogenus（Stoll）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. rademirici（Quintan.）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad、T. radicus（A.D. Hocking 和 Whitelaw）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. ramulosus（Visagie 和 K. Jacobs）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. rubicundus（J.H. Mill.、Giddens 和 A.A. Foster）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. rugulosus（Thom）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. sabulosus（Pitt 和 A.D. Hocking）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad、T. siamensis（Manoch 和 C. Ramírez）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad、T. sublevisporus（Yaguchi 和 Udagawa）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad、T. variabilis（Sopp）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. varians（G. Sm.）Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad、T. verruculosus（Peyronel）Samson、Yilmaz、Frisvad 和 Seifert、T. viridulus Samson、Yilmaz 和 Frisvad。
