Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
BMC Public Health. 2012 Feb 6;12:104. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-104.
In order to inform interventions to prevent sedentariness, more longitudinal studies are needed focusing on stability and change over time in multiple sedentary behaviours. This paper investigates patterns of stability and change in TV/DVD use, computer/electronic game use and total screen time (TST) and factors associated with these patterns among Norwegian children in the transition between childhood and adolescence.
The baseline of this longitudinal study took place in September 2007 and included 975 students from 25 control schools of an intervention study, the HEalth In Adolescents (HEIA) study. The first follow-up took place in May 2008 and the second follow-up in May 2009, with 885 students participating at all time points (average age at baseline = 11.2, standard deviation ± 0.3). Time used for/spent on TV/DVD and computer/electronic games was self-reported, and a TST variable (hours/week) was computed. Tracking analyses based on absolute and rank measures, as well as regression analyses to assess factors associated with change in TST and with tracking high TST were conducted.
Time spent on all sedentary behaviours investigated increased in both genders. Findings based on absolute and rank measures revealed a fair to moderate level of tracking over the 2 year period. High parental education was inversely related to an increase in TST among females. In males, self-efficacy related to barriers to physical activity and living with married or cohabitating parents were inversely related to an increase in TST. Factors associated with tracking high vs. low TST in the multinomial regression analyses were low self-efficacy and being of an ethnic minority background among females, and low self-efficacy, being overweight/obese and not living with married or cohabitating parents among males.
Use of TV/DVD and computer/electronic games increased with age and tracked over time in this group of 11-13 year old Norwegian children. Interventions targeting these sedentary behaviours should thus be introduced early. The identified modifiable and non-modifiable factors associated with change in TST and tracking of high TST should be taken into consideration when planning such interventions.
为了制定预防久坐行为的干预措施，需要开展更多的纵向研究，重点关注多种久坐行为在时间上的稳定性和变化。本文研究了挪威儿童在从童年向青少年过渡期间，看电视/影、玩电脑/电子游戏和总屏幕时间（TST）的使用模式的稳定性和变化，并分析了这些模式的相关因素。
本纵向研究的基线于 2007 年 9 月进行，纳入了一项干预研究（青少年健康研究，HEIA 研究）中 25 所对照学校的 975 名学生。第一次随访于 2008 年 5 月进行，第二次随访于 2009 年 5 月进行，所有时间点均有 885 名学生参与（基线时的平均年龄为 11.2 岁，标准差为 0.3）。看电视/影和玩电脑/电子游戏的时间由自我报告，计算 TST 变量（小时/周）。基于绝对和等级测量的追踪分析，以及评估与 TST 变化和与跟踪高 TST 相关的因素的回归分析。
所有研究的久坐行为所花费的时间在两性中均增加。基于绝对和等级测量的结果表明，在 2 年期间，存在中等到较高的跟踪水平。母亲受教育程度高与女性 TST 的增加呈负相关。在男性中，与身体活动障碍相关的自我效能感和与已婚或同居父母一起生活与 TST 的增加呈负相关。在多变量回归分析中，与跟踪高 TST 和低 TST 相关的因素为女性的自我效能感低和属于少数民族背景，以及男性的自我效能感低、超重/肥胖和与已婚或同居父母一起生活。
在这群 11-13 岁的挪威儿童中，看电视/影和玩电脑/电子游戏的使用随着年龄的增长而增加，且随时间的推移而具有追踪性。因此，应尽早针对这些久坐行为实施干预措施。在规划此类干预措施时，应考虑与 TST 变化和跟踪高 TST 相关的可改变和不可改变因素。
