Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Sci Transl Med. 2012 Apr 11;4(129):129ra43. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3003200.
Epidemiological studies link short sleep duration and circadian disruption with higher risk of metabolic syndrome and diabetes. We tested the hypotheses that prolonged sleep restriction with concurrent circadian disruption, as can occur in people performing shift work, impairs glucose regulation and metabolism. Healthy adults spent >5 weeks under controlled laboratory conditions in which they experienced an initial baseline segment of optimal sleep, 3 weeks of sleep restriction (5.6 hours of sleep per 24 hours) combined with circadian disruption (recurring 28-hour "days"), followed by 9 days of recovery sleep with circadian re-entrainment. Exposure to prolonged sleep restriction with concurrent circadian disruption, with measurements taken at the same circadian phase, decreased the participants' resting metabolic rate and increased plasma glucose concentrations after a meal, an effect resulting from inadequate pancreatic insulin secretion. These parameters normalized during the 9 days of recovery sleep and stable circadian re-entrainment. Thus, in humans, prolonged sleep restriction with concurrent circadian disruption alters metabolism and could increase the risk of obesity and diabetes.
流行病学研究将睡眠时间短和昼夜节律紊乱与代谢综合征和糖尿病的风险增加联系起来。我们检验了以下假设：轮班工作的人会经历长时间的睡眠限制和昼夜节律紊乱，这会损害葡萄糖调节和代谢。健康成年人在受控的实验室条件下度过了超过 5 周的时间，他们经历了最佳睡眠的初始基线段，3 周的睡眠限制（每天 24 小时内睡眠 5.6 小时）加上昼夜节律紊乱（反复 28 小时的“天”），然后是 9 天的恢复性睡眠和昼夜节律重新同步。在相同的昼夜节律相位下进行的长时间睡眠限制和同时发生的昼夜节律紊乱的暴露，降低了参与者的静息代谢率，并增加了餐后血浆葡萄糖浓度，这是由于胰岛素分泌不足所致。这些参数在 9 天的恢复性睡眠和稳定的昼夜节律重新同步期间恢复正常。因此，在人类中，长时间的睡眠限制和同时发生的昼夜节律紊乱会改变代谢，可能会增加肥胖和糖尿病的风险。
