Kadlec Kristina, Schwarz Stefan
Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Höltystraße 10, 31535 Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany.
Vet Dermatol. 2012 Aug;23(4):276-82, e55. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2012.01056.x. Epub 2012 Jun 11.
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus intermedius and Staphylococcus delphini together comprise the S. intermedius group (SIG). Within the SIG, S. pseudintermedius represents the major pathogenic species and is involved in a wide variety of infections, mainly in dogs, but to a lesser degree also in other animal species and humans. Antimicrobial agents are commonly applied to control S. pseudintermedius infections; however, during recent years S. pseudintermedius isolates have been identified that are meticillin-resistant and have also proved to be resistant to most of the antimicrobial agents approved for veterinary applications. This review deals with the genetic basis of antimicrobial resistance properties in S. pseudintermedius and other SIG members. A summary of the known resistance genes and their association with mobile genetic elements is given, as well as an update of the known resistance-mediating mutations. These data show that, in contrast to other staphylococcal species, S. pseudintermedius seems to prefer transposon-borne resistance genes, which are then incorporated into the chromosomal DNA, over plasmid-located resistance genes.
中间型葡萄球菌、伪中间型葡萄球菌和海豚葡萄球菌共同构成了中间型葡萄球菌群（SIG）。在SIG中，伪中间型葡萄球菌是主要的致病菌种，可引发多种感染，主要发生在犬类中，但在其他动物物种和人类中也有一定程度的感染。抗菌药物常用于控制伪中间型葡萄球菌感染；然而，近年来已鉴定出对甲氧西林耐药且对大多数批准用于兽医的抗菌药物也耐药的伪中间型葡萄球菌分离株。本综述探讨了伪中间型葡萄球菌和其他SIG成员抗菌耐药特性的遗传基础。总结了已知的耐药基因及其与可移动遗传元件的关联，以及已知的耐药介导突变的最新情况。这些数据表明，与其他葡萄球菌物种不同，伪中间型葡萄球菌似乎更倾向于转座子携带的耐药基因，这些基因随后整合到染色体DNA中，而不是质粒定位的耐药基因。
