The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, PO Box 30, 33501 Tampere, Finland.
Osteoporos Int. 2013 Mar;24(3):787-96. doi: 10.1007/s00198-012-2046-2. Epub 2012 Jun 12.
This study showed that the prevalence of sarcopenia (low muscle mass and performance) among 70-80-year-old home-dwelling Finnish women is very low, while every third woman has WHO-based osteopenia (low bone mass). Muscle mass and derived indices of sarcopenia were not significantly related to measures of functional ability.
This study aims to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia and osteopenia among four hundred nine 70-80-year-old independently living Finnish women. The study compared consensus diagnostic criteria for age-related sarcopenia recently published by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) and the International Working Group on Sarcopenia (IWG) and assessed their associations with functional ability.
Femoral bone mineral density and body composition were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), gait speed, and handgrip strength were used for sarcopenia diagnosis. Independent samples t tests determined group differences in body composition and functional ability according to recommended diagnostic cutpoints. Scatter plots were used to illustrate the correlations between the outcome measures used for diagnosis.
Prevalence of sarcopenia was 0.9 and 2.7 % according to the EWGSOP and IWG, respectively. Thirty-six percent of the women had WHO-based osteopenia. Women with higher gait speed had significantly lower body weight and fat mass percentage, higher lean mass percentage, and better functional ability. Women with a low SMI weighed significantly less, with no significant differences in other outcome measures. SMI, gait speed, and grip strength were significantly correlated.
Our study suggests that when using consensus definitions, sarcopenia is infrequent among older home-dwelling women while every third woman has osteopenia. In clinical practice, attention should be paid to the decline in functional ability rather than focusing on low muscle mass alone.
本研究表明，70-80 岁居住在芬兰的居家女性中，肌肉减少症（肌肉量和功能低下）的患病率非常低，而每三名女性中就有一名患有基于世界卫生组织（WHO）的骨质疏松症（骨量低）。肌肉量和肌肉减少症的衍生指标与功能能力的测量值没有显著相关性。
本研究旨在确定 409 名 70-80 岁独立生活的芬兰女性中肌肉减少症和骨质疏松症的患病率。该研究比较了欧洲老年人肌肉减少症工作组（EWGSOP）和国际肌肉减少症工作组（IWG）最近公布的年龄相关性肌肉减少症共识诊断标准，并评估了它们与功能能力的相关性。
使用双能 X 射线吸收法测量股骨骨矿物质密度和身体成分。使用骨骼肌质量指数（SMI）、步态速度和握力来诊断肌肉减少症。根据推荐的诊断切点，独立样本 t 检验确定了身体成分和功能能力方面的组间差异。散点图用于说明用于诊断的结果测量之间的相关性。
根据 EWGSOP 和 IWG 的标准，肌肉减少症的患病率分别为 0.9%和 2.7%。36%的女性患有基于 WHO 的骨质疏松症。步态速度较快的女性体重明显较低，体脂百分比较高，瘦体重百分比较高，功能能力较好。SMI 较低的女性体重明显较轻，其他结果测量值没有显著差异。SMI、步态速度和握力具有显著相关性。
我们的研究表明，在使用共识定义时，老年居家女性中肌肉减少症较为罕见，而每三名女性中就有一名患有骨质疏松症。在临床实践中，应注意功能能力的下降，而不仅仅关注肌肉量低。
