Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4619-007 Porto, Portugal.
Center of Marine and Environmental Research-CIMAR/CIIMAR, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
Mar Drugs. 2012 Apr;10(4):712-726. doi: 10.3390/md10040712. Epub 2012 Mar 26.
Tetrodotoxin is a potent low weight marine toxin found in warm waters, especially of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Intoxications are usually linked to the consumption of the puffer fish, although TTX was already detected in several different edible taxa. Benthic organisms such as mollusks and echinoderms, with different feeding habits, were collected monthly along the Portuguese coast from the summer of 2009 until the end of 2010. The extraction and analysis techniques were optimized and TTX and some analogues were detected for the first time in two intertidal gastropod species-Gibbula umbilicalis and Monodonta lineata by LC-MS/MS and UPLC-MS/MS. Although the levels are low, these findings suggest that monitoring of TTX and analogues in North Atlantic species should be implemented so as to detect potentially new toxin vectors and seasonal and/or geographical patterns.
河豚毒素是一种存在于温水环境中的强效低分子量海洋毒素，主要分布在印度洋和太平洋。中毒通常与食用河豚鱼有关，尽管 TTX 已经在几种不同的可食用分类群中被检测到。2009 年夏季至 2010 年底，我们每月都会沿着葡萄牙海岸采集底栖生物，如贝类和棘皮动物，它们具有不同的摄食习性。我们优化了提取和分析技术，并首次通过 LC-MS/MS 和 UPLC-MS/MS 在两种潮间带腹足纲动物（Gibbula umbilicalis 和 Monodonta lineata）中检测到 TTX 和一些类似物。尽管含量很低，但这些发现表明，应该对北大西洋物种中的 TTX 和类似物进行监测，以发现潜在的新毒素载体以及季节性和/或地理模式。
