Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luis, MA, Brasil.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2012 Jun;45(3):385-9. doi: 10.1590/s0037-86822012000300020.
The study aimed to show the situation of paracoccidioidomycosis in the state of Maranhão, Brazil.
This study is a descriptive case series developed in two stages. First, a survey of cases originating from the state of Maranhão at the Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portela, Piauí (IDTNP) from 1997 to 2007, and second, the clinical description of 29 cases diagnosed in the Centro de Referências em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Maranhão (CREDIP) from 2004 to 2010.
Two hundred and sixteen cases have been cataloged at the IDTNP. West, east, and central regions of the state of Maranhão recorded 90.3% of cases proving to be important areas for study. The western region, with a prevalence of 10.8/100,000 inhabitants, has a significantly higher proportion of cases than the northern, southern, and eastern regions (p < 0.05). The occurrence was higher in men with 89.3% of cases, and the male-to-female ratio was 8.4:1. The majority of patients were older than 20 years, lived in rural areas, and had farming or soil management as main occupation (73.8%). At CREDIP, 29 cases were diagnosed, of which 26 (89.6%) had multifocal manifestations. Mucous tissues were involved more (75.8%) frequently, followed by lymph nodes, skin, and lungs with 65.5%, 39% and 37.9 %, respectively. The diagnosis was made by combining direct examination, culture, and histopathology.
The study shows the geographical distribution and the epidemiological and clinical aspects of paracoccidioidomycosis, revealing the significance of the disease to the state of Maranhão.
本研究旨在展示巴西马拉尼昂州球孢子菌病的情况。
本研究是一个描述性病例系列研究，分为两个阶段进行。第一阶段，调查了 1997 年至 2007 年期间来自马拉尼昂州的病例，这些病例均源自皮奥伊州的热带病研究所（IDTNP）；第二阶段，描述了 2004 年至 2010 年期间在马拉尼昂州传染病和寄生虫参考中心（CREDIP）诊断的 29 例病例。
在 IDTNP 共登记了 216 例病例。该州的西部、东部和中部地区记录了 90.3%的病例，证明这些地区是重要的研究区域。西部地区的患病率为 10.8/10 万居民，明显高于北部、南部和东部地区（p < 0.05）。男性病例占 89.3%，男性与女性的比例为 8.4:1，男性病例的比例更高。大多数患者年龄大于 20 岁，居住在农村地区，主要职业为农业或土壤管理（73.8%）。在 CREDIP，诊断出 29 例病例，其中 26 例（89.6%）存在多灶性表现。黏膜组织受累更为常见（75.8%），其次是淋巴结、皮肤和肺部，分别占 65.5%、39%和 37.9%。诊断是通过直接检查、培养和组织病理学相结合进行的。
本研究展示了球孢子菌病的地理分布、流行病学和临床特征，揭示了该病对马拉尼昂州的重要性。
