Clinical Investigation Center CIC-Biotherapy-506, University hospital of Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France.
Curr Med Chem. 2012;19(32):5474-80. doi: 10.2174/092986712803833119.
Adiponectin is the most abundant adipokine circulating in the organism. Different molecular forms of adiponectin exist: low, middle and high molecular isoforms, as well as globular adiponectin, all of which have different biological properties. Adiponectin is considered a key adipokine in metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and related complications, especially cardiovascular diseases. In these metabolic conditions, circulating adiponectin is reduced. It is now well known that adiponectin has beneficial effects on endothelial cells and endothelial function and is also cardioprotective. Unlike metabolic diseases, systemic autoimmune and chronic inflammatory joint diseases are characterized by increased production of adiponectin. There is evidence to suggest that adiponectin may be related to disease activity and/or severity in different conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and osteoarthritis. Since adiponectin has been found to display both pro and anti-inflammatory activities, controversial findings have been observed on the role of total adiponectin in systemic autoimmune and inflammatory joint diseases. Thus, the relative contribution of each adiponectin isoform to the inflammatory response and joint and/or tissue damage requires further study.
脂联素是机体中循环最丰富的脂肪细胞因子。脂联素有不同的分子形式：低、中、高分子形式，以及球形脂联素，它们具有不同的生物学特性。脂联素被认为是 2 型糖尿病、代谢综合征和相关并发症（尤其是心血管疾病）等代谢疾病中的关键脂肪细胞因子。在这些代谢条件下，循环脂联素减少。现在已知脂联素有对内皮细胞和内皮功能的有益作用，并且具有心脏保护作用。与代谢疾病不同，系统性自身免疫和慢性炎症性关节疾病的特征是脂联素的产生增加。有证据表明，在不同情况下，如类风湿关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮和骨关节炎，脂联素可能与疾病活动和/或严重程度有关。由于脂联素被发现具有促炎和抗炎活性，因此在系统性自身免疫和炎症性关节疾病中总脂联素的作用存在争议的发现。因此，每种脂联素亚型对炎症反应以及关节和/或组织损伤的相对贡献需要进一步研究。
