Chaves Yuri Nogueira, Torezan Luis Antônio, Niwa Ane Beatriz Mautari, Sanches Junior José Antônio, Festa Neto Ciro
Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
An Bras Dermatol. 2012 Jul-Aug;87(4):521-6; quiz 527-9. doi: 10.1590/s0365-05962012000400001.
Photodynamic therapy involves administration of a photosensitizing drug and its subsequent activation by irradiation with a light source at wavelengths matching the absorption spectrum of the photosensitizer. In many countries around the world, topical photodynamic therapy has been approved for treatment of cutaneous oncologic conditions such as actinic keratosis, Bowen's disease, and superficial basal cell carcinoma. Multicenter, randomized, controlled studies have confirmed its efficacy and superior cosmetic outcomes compared to conventional therapies. Nevertheless, this therapeutic method presents some adverse effects, such as erythema, edema, pigmentation, pustules, and pain. There is no doubt that pain is the most severe of the adverse effects, being sometimes responsible for definitive treatment interruption. The pain mechanism has not yet been fully understood, which makes complete pain control a challenge to be conquered. In spite of that, this literature review presents some useful pain management strategies as well as the most important pain-related factors in photodynamic therapy.
光动力疗法包括给予一种光敏药物，随后用与光敏剂吸收光谱相匹配的波长的光源进行照射激活。在世界上许多国家，局部光动力疗法已被批准用于治疗皮肤肿瘤性疾病，如光化性角化病、鲍恩病和浅表基底细胞癌。多中心、随机对照研究已证实其疗效以及与传统疗法相比更优的美容效果。然而，这种治疗方法存在一些不良反应，如红斑、水肿、色素沉着、脓疱和疼痛。毫无疑问，疼痛是最严重不良反应，有时会导致治疗中断。疼痛机制尚未完全明确，这使得完全控制疼痛成为一项有待攻克的挑战。尽管如此，这篇文献综述介绍了一些有用的疼痛管理策略以及光动力疗法中最重要的疼痛相关因素。
