School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC.
Can J Public Health. 2012 May-Jun;103(3):207-12. doi: 10.1007/BF03403814.
The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the association between tattooing and the risk of transmission of hepatitis B virus.
A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, ACP Journal Club and BIOSIS Previews was performed up to March 2011.
Forty-two observational studies were included in this systematic review, of which 31 were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of the association of tattooing and hepatitis B infection was 1.48 (1.30-1.68) when all studies were included in the analysis. Subgroup analysis shows the strongest association between tattooing and risk of hepatitis B among populations involved in high-risk behaviours (OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.32-2.03).
Findings of the current systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that tattooing is associated with hepatitis B transmission in all subgroups. A population health approach that emphasizes universal hepatitis B immunization, education of young adults who are more likely to get tattoos, and education of prison inmates (who have the highest background rate of hepatitis B infection), along with enforcement of guidelines and safer tattooing practices in prison, are fundamental in prevention of transmission of hepatitis B.
本系统评价和荟萃分析的目的是评估纹身与乙型肝炎病毒传播风险之间的关联。
截至 2011 年 3 月，对 MEDLINE、EMBASE、PubMed、疗效评价文摘数据库、ACP 期刊俱乐部和 BIOSIS Previews 进行了系统检索。
本系统评价共纳入 42 项观察性研究，其中 31 项研究纳入荟萃分析。当所有研究均纳入分析时，纹身与乙型肝炎感染之间关联的合并优势比（95%置信区间）为 1.48（1.30-1.68）。亚组分析显示，在涉及高危行为的人群中，纹身与乙型肝炎风险之间的关联最强（OR = 1.64，95%CI：1.32-2.03）。
本系统评价和荟萃分析的结果表明，纹身与乙型肝炎的传播在所有亚组中均有关联。采取一种强调普遍乙型肝炎免疫接种、对更有可能纹身的年轻人进行教育、对监狱囚犯（乙型肝炎感染率最高）进行教育，以及在监狱中执行指南和更安全的纹身操作的公共卫生方法，是预防乙型肝炎传播的基础。
