Department of Internal Medicine, University of North Texas Health Sciences Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA. Sid.O’
J Alzheimers Dis. 2013;33(2):373-9. doi: 10.3233/JAD-2012-121420.
The purpose of the study was to provide characterization of Mexican Americans who meet criteria for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). For the study, 1,069 participants ages 40 and above who self-identified as either non-Hispanic white (n = 633) or Mexican American (n = 436) were recruited using a community-based participatory research approach. Global cognition was assessed via the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), dementia severity by the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, and depression via the Geriatric Depression Scale 30-item version. Age, gender, education, ApoE ε4 allele frequency, and diabetic diagnoses were also analyzed. The findings showed that Mexican Americans (normal controls, MCI, and AD) were younger, less highly educated, performed more poorly on the MMSE, endorsed more symptoms of depression, were more likely to be diagnosed with diabetes, and possessed the ApoE ε4 allele less frequently. Age was the only significant risk factor for cognitive dysfunction (AD/MCI) among Mexican Americans (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.03-1.09). Age (B = 0.07, std = 0.02, p < 0.001) and ApoE ε4 presence (B = 0.9, std = 0.4, p = 0.02) were significantly related to increased disease severity. Given the rapidly growing and aging Mexican American population, there is a substantial need for research into cognitive aging, MCI, and AD among this ethnic group. The current findings hold important implications for both clinic and research settings and point to additional research needs.
本研究旨在对符合阿尔茨海默病（AD）和轻度认知障碍（MCI）标准的墨西哥裔美国人进行特征描述。该研究采用社区参与式研究方法，招募了 1069 名年龄在 40 岁及以上、自我认定为非西班牙裔白人（n=633）或墨西哥裔美国人（n=436）的参与者。使用简易精神状态检查（MMSE）评估总体认知，使用临床痴呆评定量表评估痴呆严重程度，使用老年抑郁量表 30 项版本评估抑郁。还分析了年龄、性别、教育程度、ApoE ε4 等位基因频率和糖尿病诊断情况。研究结果显示，墨西哥裔美国人（正常对照组、MCI 和 AD）的年龄较小，教育程度较低，MMSE 得分较低，抑郁症状较多，更有可能被诊断患有糖尿病，并且携带 ApoE ε4 等位基因的频率较低。年龄是墨西哥裔美国人认知功能障碍（AD/MCI）的唯一显著危险因素（OR=1.06，95%CI=1.03-1.09）。年龄（B=0.07，std=0.02，p<0.001）和 ApoE ε4 存在（B=0.9，std=0.4，p=0.02）与疾病严重程度增加显著相关。鉴于墨西哥裔美国人的人口快速增长和老龄化，需要对该族裔的认知老化、MCI 和 AD 进行大量研究。当前的研究结果对临床和研究环境具有重要意义，并指出了进一步的研究需求。
