Department of Nursing, Stomatology Hospital, China Medical University,No.117, Nanjingbei Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110002, China.
BMC Psychiatry. 2012 Sep 14;12:141. doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-12-141.
Nurses are an indispensable component of the work force in the health care system. However, many of them are known to work in a stressful environment which may affect their mental well-being; the situation could be worse in rapidly transforming societies such as China. The purpose of this study was to investigate anxiety symptoms and the associated factors in Chinese nurses working in public city hospitals.
A cross-sectional survey was performed for Chinese nurses in public city hospitals of Liaoning Province, northeast China. Seven hospitals in different areas of the province were randomly selected for the study. The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale was used to measure anxiety symptoms. Effort-reward imbalance questionnaire and Job Content Questionnaire were used to assess the work stressors. Univariate analysis and stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify the factors associated with anxiety symptoms.
All registered nurses in the seven city hospitals, totaling 1807 registered nurses were surveyed. Of the returned questionnaires, 1437 were valid (79.5%) for analysis. Utilizing the total raw score ≥ 40 as the cut-off point, the prevalence of anxiety symptoms in these nurses was 43.4%. Demographic factors (education, chronic disease and life event), lifestyle factors (regular meals and physical exercise), work conditions (hospital grade, job rank, monthly salary, nurse-patient relationships, job satisfaction and intention of leaving), job content (social support and decision latitude), effort-reward imbalance and overcommitment were all significantly related to the anxiety symptoms. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed main factors associated with anxiety symptoms were lower job rank (OR 2.501), overcommitment (OR 2.018), chronic diseases (OR 1.541), worse nurse-patient relationship (OR 1.434), higher social support (OR 0.573), lower hospital grade (OR 0.629), taking regular meals (OR 0.719) and higher level of job satisfaction (OR 0.722).
A large proportion of Chinese nurses working in public city hospitals had anxiety symptoms, which warrants immediate investigation and intervention from the hospital administrators. Meanwhile, results of the study suggest that proper counseling, promotion of healthy lifestyle behavior and improvements to the social environment in the work place may be helpful toward reducing or preventing the anxiety symptoms.
护士是医疗保健系统中不可或缺的一部分。然而，众所周知，他们中的许多人在压力环境下工作，这可能会影响他们的心理健康；在像中国这样快速转型的社会中，情况可能会更糟。本研究的目的是调查中国城市公立医院护士的焦虑症状及其相关因素。
对中国辽宁省城市公立医院护士进行横断面调查。该省不同地区的 7 家医院被随机选中进行研究。采用zung 自评焦虑量表评估焦虑症状。采用努力-回报失衡问卷和工作内容问卷评估工作压力源。采用单因素分析和逐步多因素 logistic 回归分析确定与焦虑症状相关的因素。
对七家城市医院的注册护士进行了调查，共调查了 1807 名注册护士。在收回的问卷中，有 1437 份（79.5%）有效进行分析。利用总原始分数≥40 作为截断点，这些护士的焦虑症状发生率为 43.4%。人口统计学因素（教育、慢性病和生活事件）、生活方式因素（规律饮食和体育锻炼）、工作条件（医院等级、工作等级、月薪、护患关系、工作满意度和离职意向）、工作内容（社会支持和决策幅度）、努力-回报失衡和过度投入与焦虑症状显著相关。多因素 logistic 回归分析显示，与焦虑症状相关的主要因素是较低的工作等级（OR 2.501）、过度投入（OR 2.018）、慢性病（OR 1.541）、较差的护患关系（OR 1.434）、较高的社会支持（OR 0.573）、较低的医院等级（OR 0.629）、规律饮食（OR 0.719）和较高的工作满意度（OR 0.722）。
中国城市公立医院护士中，有相当一部分人存在焦虑症状，这需要医院管理者立即进行调查和干预。同时，研究结果表明，适当的咨询、促进健康的生活方式行为以及改善工作场所的社会环境可能有助于减轻或预防焦虑症状。
